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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is release of information to non-health providers done?
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Done by patient. Can go to insurance personnel, lawyers, friends of patient
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What is clinical chemistry used for?
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To perform quantitative analysis on body fluids - plasma, serum, urine, CSF. Also involves toxicology tests to monitor drug therapy and drug levels.
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What are the components of body fluid?
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18% body weight protein and related substance, 7% minerals, 15% fat, 60% water
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What is the distribution of body fluid/water?
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Intracellular: ~ 40%, extracellular: ~ 20% Of extracellular, plasma: ~5%, interstitial ~ 15%. Third space: ascites, pleural effusion
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What is the difference between serum and plasma?
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Serum: no fibrinogen or clotting factors. Blood has clotted using up all clotting factors, left with serum. Plasma has fibrinogen and clotting factors. Blood is not clotted - it's anticoagulated and spun down.
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What is the normal reference range for fasting serum glucose and what are the critical values?
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Normal values: 70-105 mg/dl, criticals: <50 and >400 mg/dL
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What is considered an impaired fasting glucose and is criteria for diagnosis of diabetes?
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Impaired: 100-125 mg/dL, >126 mg/dL is diagnostic for DM, glucose of 160-180 is renal threshold and leads to glucosuria.
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What is impaired glucose tolerance?
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2 hour plasma glucose 140-199 mg/dL
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What type of specimen would you need for glucose?
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Fasting blood glucose - NPO for 8-12 hr - screen for DM. 2 hour post-prandial - screen for DM - collected 2 hrs after meal. Glucose Tolerance Test - 3 hr (75 mg glucose load for non-preg and 100 gm load for prenant female)
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What does the presence of serum ketones indicate?
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Excessive fat catabolism due to inadequate glucose availablility. Tests look for acetone, acetoacetic acid and 3-beta hydroxybutyric acid. You would also see serum ketones in Type I DM, stress, pregnancy and very elevated blood glucose levels.
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