Cset: Subtest I-History And Social Science: U.s. History

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(Exploration and Colonization (1450-1763)

The opening of new worlds was associated with the Age of ...

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discovery

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(Exploration and Colonization (1450-1763)

These four countries competed for land.

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1. Spain

2. France

3. England

4. Portugal

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(Exploration and Colonization (1450-1763)

These colonies were associated with shipbuilding and commerce.

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New England

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(Exploration and Colonization (1450-1763)

These colonies were associated with tobacco, cotton, and slavery.

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Southern

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(Exploration and Colonization (1450-1763)

This, in 1619, was an attempt at representative self-government.

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The House of Burgesses

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(Exploration and Colonization (1450-1763)

This document (1620) was the basis for government by the consent of the governed.

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Mayflower Compact

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(Exploration and Colonization (1450-1763)

These two were the major population groups of the colonies.

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Europeans and Africans

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(Exploration and Colonization (1450-1763)

True or False

The idea of free public education started in the colonies.

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True

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(Exploration and Colonization (1450-1763)

Class distinctions were less rigid than in England, so a strong ___________ ____________ emerged.

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middle class

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(Exploration and Colonization (1450-1763)

This was the most prevalent religion in the colonies.

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Protestant

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(Exploration and Colonization (1450-1763)

This led to greater religious tolerance.

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the decline of Puritanism

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(Formation of the New Nation (1763-1789)

The English victory in what War ended the French threat in America and encouraged colonial America to seek a more active voice in its own affairs?

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French and Indian War

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(Formation of the New Nation (1763-1789)

This document stated the purposes for the colonies' break with England.

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The Declaration of Independence

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(Formation of the New Nation (1763-1789)

This act banned settlement beyond the Appalachian Mountains to the colonists.

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The Proclamation Act

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(Formation of the New Nation (1763-1789)

With this act, import duties on sugar and other items were imposed.

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Sugar Act

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(Formation of the New Nation (1763-1789)

This act imposed the first direct tax on the American colonies, requiring a tax on all printed materials.

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Stamp Act

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(Formation of the New Nation (1763-1789)

In this, a Boston mob harassed British soldiers, who then fired point-blank into the crowd.

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Boston Massacre

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(Formation of the New Nation (1763-1789)

This war was fought to obtain independence.

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The American Revolution

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(Formation of the New Nation (1763-1789)

This General's leadership turned the tide of battle during the American Revolution.

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General George Washington

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(Formation of the New Nation (1763-1789)

Though these articles held the nation together during a critical period, they were limited by major weaknesses.

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The Articles of Confederation

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(Important Battles of the Revolution)

Though this was a British victory, Americans proved that they could stand up to the British army, despite being greatly outnumbered.

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Bunker Hill

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(Important Battles of the Revolution)

Despite defeat, Washington clmly and confidently managed a surprise evacuation of troops across the East River to Manhattan.

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Long Island

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(Important Battles of the Revolution)

In this victorious surprise attack on Hessian forces, American spirit and confidence in Washington's ability to lead was rallied.

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Trenton

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(Important Battles of the Revolution)

The victory of this battle encouraged the French government to send supplies to the Americans.

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Princeton

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(Important Battles of the Revolution)

In this American victory, France and Spain declared war on Britain,which further weakened the British government under Lord North.

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Saratoga

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(Important Battles of the Revolution)

At the close of this battle, Tarleton's surrender brought the war to an end, and Britain recognized the independence of the United States of America.

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Yorktown

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(Formation of the New Nation (1763-1789)

The need for a strong central government led to the framing of this document.

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The Constitution

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(Formation of the New Nation (1763-1789)

7 establishments of The Constitution:

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1. Separation of Powers

2. Checks and Balances

3. Federal System

4. Powers of Congress

5. The Great Compromise (a two house congress)

6. Bill of Rights

7. Amendments

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(The New Nation: 1787-1823)

In what two ways did the national government encourage American business expansion?

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1. passing excise taxes

2. passing a tariff

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(The New Nation: 1787-1823)

The national government authorized the use of these to encourage the growth of commerce.

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coins and paper money

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(The New Nation: 1787-1823)

The Federalist Party was headed by him.

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Alexander Hamilton

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(The New Nation: 1787-1823)

The Federalist party believed in a strong centralist government led by whom?

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the manufacturing interests of the country

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(The New Nation: 1787-1823)

The Anti-Federalist party was headed by whom?

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Thomas Jefferson

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(The New Nation: 1787-1823)

The Anti-Federalist party believed in the concept of limited federal power based upon who's interests?

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farming

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(The New Nation: 1787-1823)

Which party favored the rich and the wealthy?

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The Federalists

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(The New Nation: 1787-1823)

Which party developed a political philosophy that believed in the worth of the individual?

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The Anti-Federalists

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(The New Nation: 1787-1823)

This was was fought between the US and Great Britain.

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The War of 1812

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(The New Nation: 1787-1823)

The War of 1812 removed the British from the northwestern frontier. What did this encourage?

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Westward Expansion

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(Rise of Democracy & Western Movement)

This party was born from the ashes of the Federalist Party.

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The Whigs

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(The Rise of Democracy & Western Movement)

This party was an updated version of Jefferson's Democratic-Republicans.

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The Democratic Party

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(The Rise of Democracy & Western Movement)

His democracy symbolized the rise of the common man.

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Andrew Jackson (Jacksonian Democracy)

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(The Rise of Democracy & Western Movement)

Jackson initiated this system in which the political enemies are replaced by political friends.

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spoils

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(The Rise of Democracy & Western Movement)

The Whig Party opposed what and favored what?

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-opposed the belief in states' rights

-favored a strong national government

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(The Rise of Democracy & Western Movement)

This term, coined by journalist John O'Sullivan, symbolized US expansion to the Pacific.

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Manifest Destiny

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(The Rise of Democracy & Western Movement)

This war added California and parts of the southwest to the US.

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The Mexican War (1848)

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(Background of Civil War and Reconstruction)

A unique southern economy was dependent upon these two things.

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slavery and cotton

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(Background of Civil War and Reconstruction)

This development led to sectionalism.

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The Cotton South

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(Background of Civil War and Reconstruction)

The expansion of slavery was a political issue prior to the 1850's, as was seen in the Missouri Compromise of 1820, which did what?

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limited the spread of slavery

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(Background of Civil War and Reconstruction)

Which was was criticized as a proslavery, expansionist war?

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The Mexican War (1848)

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(Background of Civil War and Reconstruction)

Which decision failed to solve the slavery question?

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Dred Scott

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(Background of Civil War and Reconstruction)

These were thirteen southern states that were formed as a result of secession after Lincoln was elected in 1860.

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The Confederate states

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(Background of Civil War and Reconstruction)

The North had an overall superiority to the south in what three areas?

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1. manpower

2. firepower

3. economic resources

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(Background of Civil War and Reconstruction)

The South had advantages in what two areas?

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1. leadership

2. territory

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(Major Battles of the Civil War: 1861-1865)

This was the opening battle of the Civil War.

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Fort Sumter

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(Major Battles of the Civil War: 1861-1865)

Union forces expected a quick victory and a short war overall; routed by Confederates: the war would go on.

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First Battle of Bull Run

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(Major Battles of the Civil War: 1861-1865)

The first battle fought on Northern soil; McClellan beat back Lee's invasion on the bloodiest single day in the war. Lincoln announced the Emancipation Proclamation.

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Antietam

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(Major Battles of the Civil War: 1861-1865)

Lee launched a second invation of the north; Meade refused to pursue Lee, and the war continued; Lincoln delivered an important address.

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Gettysburg

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(Major Battles of the Civil War: 1861-1865)

Sherman's troops captured Atlanta and pushed ahead to capture Savannah. The brutality of these battles and the burning of Atlanta left a legacy of bitterness toward the North.

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Sherman's March to the Sea

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(Major Battles of the Civil War: 1861-1865)

Final engagement of the war; ended with Lee's surrender to Grant.

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Battle of Appomattox Courthouse

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(Background of Civil War and Reconstruction)

The President and Andrew Johnson (Presidential Reconstruction) took this approach to reconstruction of the South.

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"With malice toward none."

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(Background of Civil War and Reconstruction)

Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner (Congressional Reconstruction) took this approach to reconstruction of the South.

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Punish the South

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(Background of Civil War and Reconstruction)

These laws restricted Black rights.

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Jim Crow Laws

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(A New Economy: 1876-1900)

The settlement of the West was aided by these two things.

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1. The Homestead Act

2. The Transcontinental Railroad

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(Background of Civil War and Reconstruction)

Some factors that helped to expand industrial growth in the US:

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1. Inventions

2. communication and transportation

3. raw materials

4. New methods of production

5. The development of various industries