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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three types of connective tissue?
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connective tissue proper
fluid connective tissue supporting tissue |
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What are the three types of connective tissue proper?
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Loose
dense adipose |
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What exactly is dense connective tissue?
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Tendons and ligaments
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What is fluid connective tissue?
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blood and lymphs
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What is supporting connective tissue?
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Cartilage and bone
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Describe the key components of connective tissue? (7)
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- dispersed cells
- vascularised (except cartilage) - contains MATRIX ...which can either be fluid/jelly-like or calcified depending on it's function - has extra cellular spaces - lots of protein fibres and specialised cells Contains GROUND SUBSTANCES (a mix of chemicals in the matrix |
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All connective tissue have which two things?
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Matrix and specialised cells
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Give three specialised cells in connective tissue.
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1 - Fibroblasts
2 - adipocytes 3 - leukocytes/ white blood cells |
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1 - Fibroblasts
2 - adipocytes 3 - leukocytes/ white blood cells explain these 3 specialised cells of connective tissue |
1 - Fibroblasts - produce protein fibres which make collagen, elastin and matrix )for healing and growth)
2 - adipocytes - make and store fat 3 - leukocytes/ white blood cells - associated with defence and inflammatory response |
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leukocytes/ white blood cells (three cells connected to these0
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MACROPHAGES - phagocytose debris and pathogens - initiate defence mechanisms (remember the video when the white blood cells grabbed, swallowed and destroyed the baddie)
PLASMA CELLS - synthesise and secret antibodies for defence MAST CELLS - produce and release heparin, histamine and others for inflammation and allergy response |
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What are the 6 functions of connective tissue?
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1) Structure framework (bone, cartilage)
2) Transport (nutrients, waste eg blood) 3) protection (for vital organs ..bones, fat cartilage) 4) support and interconnection ( tendons, ligaments etc) 5) insulate, store and produce blood and lymph cells 6 Defence and repair ( blood, lymph dense ct) |
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Explain the difference between collagen and elastin fibres?
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Collagen are strong and flexible but don't stretch. The strengthen and support connective tissue and often occur in parallel bundles.
Unlike collagen which is made from a protein of the same name elastin fibres are made from elastin and are surrounded by a layer fibrilin - a glycoprotein to add strength. They are smaller in diameter than Collagen and they are strong AND stretchy - allowing tissue to return to original shape. |
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List the ALL the types of connective tissue (12)
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mesenchyme
mucous areolar adipose fibrous elastic hyaline cartilage fibrocartilage elastic cartilage bone blood lymph |
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Where would you find each of these connective tissues?mesenchyme
mucous areolar adipose fibrous elastic hyaline cartilage fibrocartilage elastic cartilage bone blood lymph |
mesenchyme - foetus/embryo
mucous - umbilical cord areolar - supports other tissues, like glue -binds skin to muscle beneath adipose - around kidneys, eyes muscle fibres, under skin fibrous - ligaments, tendons, bones, muscles, organ coverings. elastic - blood vessel walls, trachea and bronchi hyaline cartilage - bones ends, trachea, larynx, ribs fibrocartilage - intervertebral discs, socket rim of hip and shoulder elastic cartilage - ear, epiglottis, blood vessel walls bone - skeleton blood - whole body lymph - lymphatic system |
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What is a membrane?
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A thin pliable layer of tissue covering surfaces
or separating/connecting regions, structures or organs |
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What makes a membrane?
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epithelium + loose areolar or adipose connective tissue
(except synovial membranes are not epithelial membranes ) |
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Membranes can be divided into two categories and one of those into another three...explain
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The two kinds of membranes are SYNOVIAL and EPITHELIAL
The epithelial membrane can be divided into CUTANEOUS - skin MUCOUS - forms a moist lining of respiratory, gut and urinary tract - contain goblet cells that produce mucus. SEROUS membranes - parietal layer lines cavity & visceral layer surrounds organs. Synovial membrane is made of CT and elastic fibres with line cavities of moveable joints. the epithelial is sheets of Epithelial and CT covering /lining internal structures/cavities |
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What are the three sites SEROUS membrane is found?
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Lungs, heart and abdominal organs
Pleura - lining of the thoracic cavity and surrounding lungs. pericardium - lining of the pericardium cavity and surrounding the heart. Peritoneum - lining the abdominal cavity and surrounding the abdominal (and some pelvic) organs. |
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Synovial membranes can be found....
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around all moveable joints And some tendons the could be injured by rubbing eg wrists joint
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