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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define hematuria
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Blood in the urine... if there are more than 5 RBCs / HPF it is considered to be abnormal
Urologists are more stringent... they don't like +2 RBCs |
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Describe the timing of hematuria ( terminal, initial, total or between voiding
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Initial Hematuria (bleeding at the start of the stream) is indicative of disease in the urethra or prostate
Terminal Hematuria (blood at the end of the stream) is indicative of disease in the prostate or neck of the bladder Total Hematuria - blood throughout the full course of urination is indicative of disease in anywhere in the urinary tract (bladder, kidney, ureter) Blood in between voiding (clear urine) means blood somewhere on the meatus or anterior urethra |
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What is silent hematuria?
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It is hematuria without symptoms... this must be considered a tumor until proven otherwise
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What are the most common causes of hematuria in adults?
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Tumor, stones, infection, BPH
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What is the most common cause of hematuria in the elderly >50 years
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Bladder tumor
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Describe the most common causes of hematuria in males and females ages 0-20
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Acute glomerulonephritis
Acute UTI Congenital abnormality with obstruction |
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Describe the most common causes of hematuria in males and females ages 20-40
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Acute UTI
Stones Bladder Tumor |
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List the most common causes of hematuria in males ages 40-60, in females ages 40-60?
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Males:
Bladder tumor Kidney tumor Stones UTI Females: Acute UTI Stones Bladder tumor kidney tumor |
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List the most common causes of hematuria in males and females over age 60
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BPH*
Bladder Cancer Kidney Tumor Acute UTI *same for men and women except obviously for the BPH |
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Define the evaluation required for hematuria in patients on anticoagulant therapy
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Up to 40% of patients that are on anticoagulants may have microhematuria however they are not to be treated any differently than anyone else.
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Describe exercise related hematuria
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Exercise related hematuria occurs most often in people running on empty bladders because their bladders are slapping against the trigone or prostatic base.
If their sediment clears rapidly there is no need for further evaluation. One way to avoid this is to run with some urine in the bladder |
