Civics Today Unit 2, Pt. 3

Front 1

Joint-stock/Corporate colony

Back 1

Owned by a group of investors and run through a corporation

Front 2

Charter/Proprietary colony

Back 2

Owned by single individuals or a group of individiuals

Front 3

Royal colony

Back 3

Owned and ruled by the king

Front 4

New England

Back 4

Plymouth Colony= Mayflower Compact; founded by William Bradford for religious reasons
MA=Founded by John Winthrop for religious freedom for Puritans (English Civil War)
CT=Founded by Thomas Hooker (kicked out of MA)
~Fundamental Orders of CT: Established a representative assembly in CT
RI= Founded by Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson (kicked out of MA) for religious freedom

Front 5

Middle Colonies

Back 5

PA= Founded by William Penn as a home for Quakers; b/c of tolerance, it became home to many immigrants.
NY=Previously was a Dutch colony called New Netherlands (New Amsterdam)

Front 6

Southern Colonies

Back 6

VA=1st permanent settlement @Jamestown, 1607;1st example of self-govt w/ the development of the House of Burgesses in 1619. John Smith, founder, came for profits. Introduced slavery and plantation system in 1619.
MD=Founded by Cecil Calvert as a haven for Catholics wanting religious freedom
GA= Debtor colony that was a buffer from the Spanish colonies

Front 7

Jamestown

Back 7

1st English settlement. Located in VA. 1st slaves arrived here.

Front 8

House of Burgesses

Back 8

1st self-government

Front 9

Plantation System

Back 9

Southern economy of large farms, cash crops, and slavery

Front 10

Mercantilism

Back 10

Economic policy that placed the colonists' trade profits in the hand of England

Front 11

Indentured Servants

Back 11

People that paid for their debts/passages to New World by working for a master (usually 7 yrs. service)--> Early labor system in South

Front 12

Slavery

Back 12

1st slaves to NA arrived in Jamestown, 1619. The Northern economy didn't need slaves so it wasn't widespread

Front 13

Middle Passage

Back 13

Journey between Africa and New World for slaves

Front 14

Triangle Trade Route

Back 14

System of trade between England, NA, and Africa.

NA--raw materials-->England--manufactured goods-->Africa--slaves-->NA

Front 15

Pilgrims

Back 15

Puritans that left England to practice their religion in New England (Mayflower)

Front 16

Puritans

Back 16

Persecuted in England b/c they wanted the Church of England to be "purified" of Catholic rituals

Front 17

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Back 17

Established a representative assembly in CT

Front 18

Town Meetings

Back 18

Sign of self-government and direct democracy. Held mostly in New England colonies (states)

Front 19

Salem Witch Trials

Back 19

1692 execution of people accused of witchcraft in MA. Example of restricted religious freedomn; Made famous in the play The Crucible.

Front 20

Religious Dissenters

Back 20

Those people with different religious ideas wer NOT accepted in Colonial New England
~Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson

Front 21

Quakers

Back 21

Religious group in PA led by William Penn-->believed in equality, tolerance, and pacifism

Front 22

Catholics

Back 22

Persecuted in some colonies; accepted in Maryland and Middle Colonies

Front 23

American Indians

Back 23

Many different tribes that struggled with English settlers for land.