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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Equal Justice under the law
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Every person is equal under the law, and therefore is given the same treatment for the same crime
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Article III
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Deals with the Judicial Branch
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Judiciary Act of 1789
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Established federal district courts and circuit courts of appeals
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Jurisdiction
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A court's authority to hear and decide cases
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Exclusive jurisdiction
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Authority of only federal courts to hear and decide cases
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Concurrent jurisdiction
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Authority for both state and federal courts to hear and decide cases
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US District courts~
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Federal courts where trials are held and lawsuits are begun
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Original Jurisdiction
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The authority to hear cases for the first time
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US Courts of Appeals
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Judges, no jury, Appellate jurisdiction, 2nd highest court in the US
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Appeals courts
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A court that reviews decisions made in lower district courts
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Appellate jurisdiction
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The authority of a court to hear a case appealed from a lower court
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Circuit
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The area of jurisdiction of a federal court of appeals
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Remand
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To send a case back to a lower court to be tried again
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Opinion
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A detailed explanation of the legal thinking behind a court's decision in a case
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Precedent
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A ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case
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Magistrates
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Pre-grand jury
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US Attorneys
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People who work for the federal government as prosecutors in criminal cases and defense attorneys for civil suits
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US Marshals
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Law enforcement of each federal judicial district. Their job includes: Delivering subpoenas, Tracking down fugitives, and protecting judges and court officials
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Subpoena
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A writ requiring appearance in court to give testimony.
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Constitutional
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In accordance with the Constitution
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Judicial Review
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The power of the Supreme Court to say whether any federal, state, or local law or government action goes against the Constitution
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Docket
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A court's calendar, showing the schedual of cases it is to hear
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Brief
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A written document explaining the position of one side or the other in a case
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Majority Opinion
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A statement that presents the views of the majority of Supreme Court justices regarding a case
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Dissenting opinion
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A statement written by by a justice who disagrees with the majority opinion, presenting his or her opinion
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Concurring opinion
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A statement written by a justice who votes with the majority, but for different reasons
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Stare decisis
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The practice of using earlier judicial rulings as a basis for deciding cases
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