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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MECONIUM APSIRATION
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*Decreased O2 during labor -->relaxation of anal sphincter, release of 1st poop (meconium)
*Inspiration of meconium -->airway obstruction, pneumonitis *Severity related to amount/depth of penetration *Tx: airway clearing, endotracheal tube suction, chest PT, mechanical ventilation (resp failure) |
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Infections: TORCH-S
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*T = Toxoplasmosis
*O = Other Infections *R = Rubella *C = Cytomegalovirus *H = Herpes *S = Syphillis |
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TOXOPLASMOSIS
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*Thru cat feces
*Causes: --Spontaneous abortion --Premature birth --LBW --Developmental Delay --MR --Seizures --Hydrocephalus |
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OTHER INFECTIONS
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*Chicken Pox: may result in sensory deficits
*Influenza virus |
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RUBELLA
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*german measles
*most likely if mom has it in 1st tri *heart anomolies *cataracts *deafness *microcephaly *CP |
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CYTOMEGALOVIRUS
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*Common Herpes virus thru indirect/direct contact w/ bodily fluids
*If mom's virus is active during pregnancy high risk of affecting baby *hypertonia *Seizure disorder *Microcephaly Later: *Vision/Hearing/Learning deficits *MR |
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HERPES
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*At birth thru birth canal (mom active/inactive)
*Neonates good prognosis (localized to mouth, eyes, skin) *Severe: affect all organs/systems *CNS involved: meningitis, encephalitis = poor prognosis |
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Brachial Plexus Injury (3 classifications)
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1) Erb's Palsy
2) Klumpke's Palsy 3)Erb-Klumpke Palsy |
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Erb's Palsy
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*Brachial Plexus
*C5/6 n roots *Weakness or paralysis: -Shld ER, EXT, ABD -Elbow FLEX, SUP -Wrist EXT |
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Klumpke's Palsy
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*Brachial Plexus Injury
*C8/T1 n roots *Weakness or paralysis of mm of wrist and hand |
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Erb-Klumpke Palsy
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*Brachial Plexus Injury
*Whole arm paralysis |
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Congenital Hip Dislocation
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Abnormality of alignment of femoral head and acetabulum
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Talipes Equinovarus (Clubfoot)
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Congenital foot deformity
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Spina Bifida
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*Developmental defect of the spine
*Diagnosed at birth *May have some degree of sensory/motor deficits |
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Oxygen delivery to fetus
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*All from mom w/ little blood flow thru lungs
*Foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus in fetal heart allow blood to flow AROUND pulmonary system |
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Fetal Blood Flow
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1) RA --> LA thru F. Ovale
2)RV --> Ductus Arteriosus to Pulmonary A. and Aorta *After birth, these close, allowing blood to enter pulmonary system |
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Patent Foramen Ovale
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*F. Ovale close properly
*Blood goes from RA --> LA |
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Patent Ductus Arteriosis
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*Open vessel btn Pulm. A and descending Aorta
*Dilates in response to hypoxia |
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Atrial Septal Defects (ASD)
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*Most common congenital defects
* Abn communication btn RA and LA |
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Ventricular Septal Defects (VSD)
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*Abn communication btn ventricles
*Blood goes L to R *Pulmonary HTN *Lg defects --> sx of resp distress, diaphoresis, fatigue *Req surgical repair |
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Coarctation of the Aorta
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*Narrowing or closing of the aorta
*PDA in 23% of pts *Severe --> LV failure *Mild can go undiagnosed |
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Tetraology of Fallot
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*VSD
*Obstruction of outflow of RV *Aorta overrides RV *Hypertrophy of RV *Cyanosis when child is overexcited *Nail clubbing (6-8mos) *Surgical interventions Tx: BT shunt of Subclavian A.to pulmonary A to increase pulmonary flow |
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Early Identification of Children at Risk for CNS Defecit
0-3mos |
*Opisthotonus: entire body in H.Ext to form bow
*Assym posture (head, U/E) *Feeding difficulties *Absence of cooing *Very poor head/trunk control *Unable to move thru flex/ext synergies *Hypo- Hyper-tonia *Difficult to self-regulate |
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Early Identification of Children at Risk for CNS Defecit
4-6mos |
*Persistent fisting
*Poverty of movement *Persistent reflexes/Hyperexcitable *No righting/equilibrium reflex *Assym posture *Not enough head/trunk control *Absent/less babbling |
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Early Identification of Children at Risk for CNS Defecit
6-12mos |
*Hasn't reached milestones:
-Unsupported sitting (10ms) -Rolling (12ms) -mobility (10ms) -Delayed language dev. *No development of equilibrium/protective rxns *Athetoid, ataxic, or spastic mvmt *Synergistic mvmt *Failure to develop feeding skills |
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BAER
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Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response (Hearing Test)
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BPD
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Bronchopulmoney Dysplasia
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