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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When are the preschool years?
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3-6yo
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Describe the preschool years
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There is the autonomous self and the emergence of morality
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What do the preschool years correspond to for Erikson and Freud?
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Erikson: "initiative vs guilt"
Freud: phallic-oedipal stage |
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When is the sense of we internalized?
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Age 3
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Describe separation from caregiver during the preschool years
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Children develop an understanding that caregivers are with child even when absent
-Helps with separation, but also with development of morality |
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Describe the emoitional core of a child leaving toddlerhood
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The emotional core leaving toddlerhood is continuous: acts as a template for future relations
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How does Erikson describe the autonomous self and the emergence of morality?
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Erikson: more able to use initiative in exploring world, less defiant
-Risk of too much aggression would cause guilt |
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Describe changes in the child during the development of the autonomous self and the emergence of morality
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-Renunciation of belief in "master of universe"
-Ambitions tempered w/ growing sense of reality -Tendency to believe illness is a punishment for misdeeds -Evolution in thinking is a "civilizing process" -Internal government shapes |
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What does Freud say about the emergence of the autonomous self and the emergence of morality?
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According to Freud, this includes giving up "fantasy" of possessing opposite-sexed parent which is repressed
-This leads to superego formation (conscience): "if you can't lick 'em, join 'em" |
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Describe how children play during the preschool years
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Children can play cooperatively, share, reciprocate, take turns, inhibit (usually) selfish/aggressive impulses
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Describe play as the prototype for adult imagination
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-A microcosm of the world and arena to rehearse and master anxiety
-A way to assert control over events and outcomes: a "continuity" of development |
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What is the parental task dueing imaginative play?
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-To encourage, participate, and facilitate social involvment
-Positive emotion (joy, suprise, liveliness) is important |
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Describe the evolution of magical thinking
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-Piaget: “preoperational stage” reached by age 3: emerging sense of time, space, and causality though quite imperfect (cardiac biopsy story)
-Fear of “monsters” -Don’t report symptoms and “they will go away”, or verbalizing concern will make it worse |
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Describe evidence of the evolution of sexuality in the preschool phase
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Preschool kids interested in storytelling or fairy tales which reflect their own fantasies
-E.g. wanting to be mommy or daddy -Sexual theme integrated: sleeping beauty, Jack and the Beanstalk, Snow White, Little Mermaid, Beauty and the Beast |
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What sexual behavior may be exhibited during the preschool phase?
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-Touching genitalia or perhaps others
-Interest in looking at naked people -Asking about sexual organs or “sex” -Watching people on the toilet -Interest in pregnancy and birth -Showing others their genitals or excretory products, playing doctor |
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When is the evolution of sexuality and sexual behavior problematic in the preschool phase?
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When it:
-Is not lighthearted -Is dont with another child who is not at the same developmental level -Done compulsively or repetitively |
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Describe the developmental vulnerabilities in the preschool age
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Response to illness:
-Fear of bodily mutilation as punishment -"Immanent causality": justice from inanimate objects as punishment for misdeeds -Limited understanding of contagion later -Medical play as identification with the aggressor, turning passive into active to master anxiety |
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What are the psychopathologies associated with toddlerhood?
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-Communication disorders
-ADHD -Anxiety disorders: OCD, PTSD, SAD, GAD, selective mutism, specific phobias -Elimination disorders -Mood disorders |
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When is the schoolage period for children?
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6-10 years
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Describe the developmental progression during the schoolage period
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-Social world expands
-Sense of mastery and competence -Mortality and stable self-esteem -A time for learning rules, particularly about sexual transgressions |
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Describe acquiring competence during the school age period
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-Parent must be protective, no intrusive, and foster socialization, morality, academic skills, and morality
-Less time with parents -Importance of "affirming" and "validating" responses for self-esteem -Exhibition transformed into sense of pride and mastery; consolidation of self-esteem regulatory system -Hobbies an intermediary between play and work: play no longer for play's sake -In groups, kids now perform and compete |
