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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell Cycle
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Cells reproduce by a cycle of growing and dividing
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Interphase
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Stage during where the cell grows, carries out cellular functions, and replicates or makes copies of DNA in preparation for the next stage of the cycle. Divided into three stages.
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Mitosis
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The stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus and nuclear material divide. Divided in four sub-stages.
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Cytokinesis
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The method by which a cell's cytoplasm divides, creating a new cell.
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Chromosomes
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The structures that contain the genetic material that is passed from generation to generation of cells.
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Chromatin
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The relaxed form of DNA in the cell's nucleus.
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Prophase
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The first and longest stage of mitosis. The cell's chromatin tightens, or condenses, into chromosomes. In prophase, the chromosomes are shaped like an X.
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Sister Chromatids
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Structures that contain identical copies of DNA.
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Centromere
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The structure at the centre of the chromosome where the sister chromatids are attached.
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Metaphase
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Second stage of mitosis. The sister chromatids are pulled by motor proteins along the spindle apparatus toward the centre of the cell and line up in the middle, or equator, stages of mitosis. When completed successfully, the new cells have accurate copies of the chromosomes.
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Anaphase
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The chromatids are pulled apart. This is the third stage of mitosis. The microtubules of the spindle apparatus begin to shorten. The shortening pulls at the centromere of each sister chromatid, causing the sister chromatids to separate into two identical chromosomes.
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Telophase
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The last stage of mitosis. The stage of mitosis during which the chromosomes arrive at the poles of the cell and begin to relax. The process of cell division is not yet complete.
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