Chapter 7 Reading Key Terms (Quiz #2)

Front 1

Robert Morris (p.180)

Back 1

-Was the superintendent of finance for the Congress of the Confederation during the final years of the Revolutionary War.
-He envisioned a national finance plan of taxation and debt management, but the states did not approve the necessary amendments to the Article of Confederation.

Front 2

Northwest Ordinance (p.181)

Back 2

-Created the Northern Territory (area north of the Ohio River and west of Philadelphia), established conditions for self-government and statehood, included a Bill of Rights, and permanently prohibited slavery.

Front 3

Shays's Rebellion (p.185)

Back 3

-Massachusetts farmer Daniel Shays and 1,200 compatriots, seeking debt relief through issuance of paper currency and lower taxes, stormed the federal arsenal at Springfield in the winter of 1787 but were quickly repulsed.

Front 4

James Madison (p. 187)

Back 4

-Participated in the Constitutional Convention during which he proposed the Virginia Plan.
-Believed in a strong Federal government.
-Presented to Congress the Bill of Rights and drafted the Virginia Resolves.

Front 5

Alexander Hamilton (p.188)

Back 5

-Belief in a storng federal government led him to become a contributor to The Federalist and leader of the Federalists.
-As the first Secretary of the Treasury he laid the foundation for American capitalism through the creation of things like a federal budget and funded debt.

Front 6

New Jersey Plan (p. 189)

Back 6

-Submitted by delegates critical of the Virginia Plan.
-Woule keep the existing equal representation of the states in a unicameral Congress but gave the Congress power to levy taxes, regulate commerce, and name a plural executive (with no veto) and a supreme court.
-Plan presented the convention with two major issues: whether to apportion congressional representation by population or by state.

Front 7

Virginia Plan (p. 189)

Back 7

-Drafted by James Madison his plan called for separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches and a truly national government whose laws would be binding upon individual citizens as well as states.
-Congress would be divided into two houses: the upper and the lower. (Lower elected by popular vote and the upper of senators elected by the state legislature)

Front 8

separation of powers (p.191)

Back 8

-The powers of government are split between three separate branches (executive, legislative, and judicial) who check and balance each other.

Front 9

anti-Federalists (p. 194)

Back 9

-Forerunners of Thomas Jefferson's Democratic-Republican party; opposed the constitution as a limitation on individual and states rights, which led to the addition of a Bill of Rights to the document.

Front 10

The Federalists (p. 194)

Back 10

-Collection of eighty-five essays that appeared in the New York press in 1787-1788 in support of the Constitution; written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay but published under the pseudonym "Publius".

Front 11

Bill of Rights (p. 195)

Back 11

-Frist 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1791 to guarantee individual rights and to help secure ratification of the Constitution by the states.