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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two regions of the skin? |
Epidermis- epithelial outermost protective shield of the body. Dermis- bulk of the skin; tough, leathery dense connective tissue |
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Hypodermis/Superficial Fascia |
Subcutaneous tissue deep to the skin Consists mostly of adipose Anchors the skin to underlying structures(loose enough that skin can slide over them) Shock absorption and insulation |
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What 4 cell types make up the epidermis? |
Keratinocytes, Melanocytes, Dendritic Cells, Tactile Cells |
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Keratinocytes |
Role: produce keratin Most epidermal cells are this Tightly connected by desmosomes Undergoes continuous mitosis |
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Melanocytes |
Spider-shaped epithelial cells that synthesize melanin Motor proteins move along actin filaments to the ends of melanocytes process, then transferred to keratinocytes Melanin granules accumulate on superficial side of keratinocytes nucleus, forming pigment shield that protects it from harmful UV rays |
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Dendritic Cells |
Star shaped, arise from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis Plays role in immune response Ingests foreign substances |
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Tactile Cells |
Present at the epidermal-dermal junction Shaped like a spiky hemisphere Intimately associated with a disclike sensory nerve ending |
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In what locations does the body have 5 layers of the epidermis, as opposed to 4? |
Areas subject to abrasion (palms, fingertips, and soles of the feet) |
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Stratum Basale (Basale Layer) |
Deepest epidermal layer, attached to underlying dermis Row of singular cells Youngest keratinocytes (process producing new keratinocytes) Some of the cells are melanocytes |
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Stratum Spinosum (Prickly Layer) |
Several layers thick Web like system of intermediate filaments, mainly tension resisting bundles of pre-keratin filaments(attached to desmosomes) Among keratinocytes are melanin glands and dendritic cells (most abundant in this layer |
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Stratum Granulosum (Granular Layer) |
Consists of 1-5 cell layers in which keratinocytes appearance changes, and keratinization begins Accumulates 2 types of granules: Keratohyaline-help form keratin in upper layers Lamellar-contains water-resistant glycolipid that's spewed into the extracellular space; slows water loss through the epidermis |
