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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fungi what are they not?
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Plants
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Under what are they fungi
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a kingdom
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Fungi facts |
-Rigid cell wall of chitin -Storer carbs as glycogen -heterotorphic (osmotrophy) |
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Supergroup and kingdom
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Supergroup Opiishtokonta Kingdom fungi |
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Fungi lineages
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-chytrids -microsporidia -zygomycetes -AM fungi -ascomycetes -basidiomycetes |
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Fungi body
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Mycelium - thread like structure -hyphae make up the mycelium -fruiting bodies |
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Worlds largest Organisms |
-Washington 1500acreas -Oregon 2220 acres 2,400yo |
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Diverging fungi can be |
Aseptate or septate |
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Aseptate |
multinucleate hypha cytoplasm can flow and transport well earliers form. |
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Septate |
Newest form at walls |
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Distinctive growth processes
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-High surface area -Osmosis sugar rich internally |
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Fungal reproduction
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-produce spores |
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Asexual reproduction |
no fruiting body needed (mushroom) rapid reproduction, less energy |
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Budding |
asexual reproduction by yeast |
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Sexual Reproduction
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-Terrestrial - gametes in haploid hyphae mating types hyphae fuse |
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Fruiting bodies produce |
haploid spores |
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Spore dispersal |
-Rain -Animals |
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To not be eaten they produce
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Cryptomycota
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-Lack rigid chitin cell wall (flexible) -Unicellular -water or soil -reproduce w/ flagella |
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Chytrids |
-have chitin cell walls -Flagellated gametes -Decomposer or parasite |
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Microsporidia |
-Intracellular parasites/ pathogens -smallest eukaryotic genomes -threadlike structures (polar tubulers) aid invation |
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Zygomycetes
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-aseptate hyphae -Sproangia produce asexual sproes -Zygosporangia produce zygospores sexually (nuclei fuse, produce haploid spores by meiosis) -Decomposeres |
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AM fungi (Arbuscular Mycorrhizal)
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-Coevolution -provide plant with phospours (exchange site = arbuscules) -Aseptate hyphae -Asexual only! |
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Ascomycetes |
-Dikaryotic mycelium (2 nuclei) (haploid, but diploid) -Sexual spores = ascospores -Decomposer and parasites |
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Basidiomycetes
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Newest group -Dikaryotic mycelia -Decomposers, symbiotic mycorrhizae (fruiting bodies- basidiocarps) (sexual spores - basidiospores) |
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Basidiomycete Reproduction
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-Dikaryotic mycelium -diploid nuclei -meiosis turns to haploid back to dispersal and germination |
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Lichens |
-Fugal associated with cyanobacteria/ green algae -Early succession -Air quality indicators SO2 |
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Fungal Ecology |
-Several are parasites (crop diseases (wheat and soy rust)) -Animal diseases - white nose, ringworm, athletes foot |
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Fungal Meningitis
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-contaminated medication |
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Plastic Eating fungi |
-discovered in the amazon -Feed on polyurethane |
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In the taxa hierarchy the fungi make up the what?
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Kingdom |
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Fungi arose from? |
Protist |
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What is mycelium |
A fungal body form composed of branched hyphae |
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Septate hyphae? |
Hyphae that contain perforated cross walls |
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Fungal Zygotes that undergo meiosis produce? |
Spores |
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Asexual Reproduction
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Cloning |
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Sexual reproduction |
Generates new alleles |
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Fungi produce asexual spores called ______at the tips of hyphae |
Conidia |
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What is a zygosporangium? |
The product of the fusion of gametangia |
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AM fungi only reproduce ________ and produce large spores |
asexually |
