Chapter 22 Microbial Diseases Of The Respiratory System

Front 1

The respiratory system functions to exchange gases between the ______ and ________

Back 1

atmospher, blood

Front 2

the respiratory system is divided into two systems, they are

Back 2

the upper and lower systems

Front 3

the upper respiratory system includes the (3 things)

Back 3

nose, nasal cavity, and pharynx

Front 4

the lower respiratory system includes......

Back 4

larynx, vocal cords, trachea, bronchi

Front 5

where does gas exchange occur?

Back 5

alveoli

Front 6

what is the synchronus beating of the cilia lining the tachea and bronchi called?

Back 6

ciliary escaltor

Front 7

Which of the two respiratory systems is usually devoid of microbiota?

Back 7

the lower system

Front 8

A variety of diseases of the upper respiratory is caused by species of............

Back 8

streptococcus

Front 9

_________(strep throat) is an inflammation of the pharynx in which purulent abscesses cover the tonsils

Back 9

streptococcal pharyngitis

Front 10

when bacteria spread into the lower respiratory, they may cause_______which is an inflammation of the larynx resulting inhoarseness or _____which is an infflamation of the bronchi

Back 10

laryngitis, bronchitis

Front 11

streptococcal pharyngitis can also progress to ______(scarlatina) when the microbes release toxins that trigger fever

Back 11

scarlet fever

Front 12

untreated streptococcus pharyngitis can spread to cause infecion of the _____ and _____-, which is an inflammation leading to damage of the heart valves and muscle

Back 12

kidneys, reumatic fever

Front 13

What bacteria causes streptoccocal pharyngitis?

Back 13

S pyogenes

Front 14

________a poentially fatal respiratory disease, is endemic in countries that lack adequate immunizatin

Back 14

Diptheria

Front 15

what are some of the symptoms of diptheria?

Back 15

sore throat, fever, and formation of a psedomembrane that adheres to the tonsils, roof of mouth, pharynx

Front 16

what causes diptheria?

Back 16

Corynebacterium diptheriae

Front 17

_____(inflammation of the sinuses) and _______(inflammation of the middle ear) are usually caused by S. pnemuniae, Haemphilius influenzai, or Moraxella catarrhalis

Back 17

Sinusitis, otitis media

Front 18

Of the 200 different serotypes of viruses that cause the common cold, the major culprits are in the genus .....

Back 18

Rhinovirus

Front 19

what other type of virus also cause common cold?

Back 19

Adenovirus

Front 20

the lower respiratory organs are _________, that is they are normally devoid of microorganisms

Back 20

axenic

Front 21

the term________ describe an inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and bronchiles become filled with fluid

Back 21

pneumonia

Front 22

_______is the most common type of pneumonia, accounting for 60% of cases

Back 22

Pneumococcal pneumonia

Front 23

what causes Pneumococcal pneumonia?

Back 23

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Front 24

________is the leading type of pneumonia in children and young adults

Back 24

Primary atypical pneumonia

Front 25

primary atypical pneumonia is caused by

Back 25

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Front 26

__________, is a type of pnuemonia charcterized by blood sputum and recurrent chills

Back 26

Klebsiella

Front 27

Klebsiella pneumonia is caused by

Back 27

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Front 28

Pneunonic plague is a pneumonia cause by...

Back 28

Yersinia pestis, which is related to the bubonic plague

Front 29

________ in birds infected with Chlamydophila psitaci, causes sever pneumonia in humans

Back 29

Ornithosis

Front 30

________is named for an outbreak of the disease at an american legion convention in 1976, in which 29 people died

Back 30

Legionellosis

Front 31

Legionellosis is cause by ________ in which it causes the disease in 85% of the people

Back 31

L pneumphila

Front 32

_________is an infectoin of the lungs cause by Mycobacerium tuberculosis

Back 32

Tuberculosis

Front 33

the cell walls of M tuberculosis contain_______, a waxy lipid that protects the pathogen from lysis, sessication, and many antimicrobial drugs

Back 33

mycolic acid

Front 34

infection with Bordetell pertussis causes........, a disease of children that is characterized by coughin so severe that it can cause vomitting, ruptured blood vessels

Back 34

pertussis (whooping cough)

Front 35

pertussis, has 4 phases, what are they and what do they entail?

Back 35

1. incubation- the asymptomatic phase

2. catarrhal phase- which lasts 1-2 weeks, the child manifests symptoms similar to thos of the common colds

3. paroxyxmal phase- where whooping cough is observed

4. convalescent phase- when the condition is subsiding

Front 36

_______causes the most lethal form of anthrax, inhalation anthrax, which progresses from sysmptoms of a common cold, to lethargy, shock, and death within days unless aggressively treated

Back 36

Bacillus anthracis

Front 37

Of the viral diseases of the lower respiratory system, the most prevalent is

Back 37

influenza

Front 38

----------is a newly emering disease caused by coronavirus that destroys lung cells and spreads vial the bloodstream to the heart and kidneys

Back 38

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

Front 39

this is the leading respiratory killer of infants world wide

Back 39

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Front 40

infection with_______causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrom, a disease initially characterized by fever, fatigue, and muscle aches in the trunks and legs

Back 40

Hantavirus

Front 41

-----------------are fungal infections that spread throughout the body

Back 41

systemic mycoses

Front 42

Coccidiodiomycosis, also known as valley fever is cause by infection with....

Back 42

Coccidioides immitis

Front 43

that most common fungal systemic disease affection humans is _

Back 43

histoplasmosis

Front 44

there are four forms to histoplasmosis what are they

Back 44

1.pulmonary histoplasmosis, causes sever coughing, and bloddy sputum

2. cutaneous histoplasmosis cuases skin lesions

3. ocular histoplasmosis, causes inflammation of the eyes

4. systemic histoplasmosis causes a potentially fatal enlargement of the spleen and liver

Front 45

wht causes histoplasmosis?

Back 45

Histoplasma capsulatum

Front 46

infection with Pneumocystis jiroveci causes....

Back 46

Pneumocystis pneumonia