Chapter 20

Front 1

What is an organizational level that encompasses many systems working together?

Back 1

ORGANISMS

Front 2

The connection between structure and ________ is a basic concept of biology.

Back 2

FUNCTION

Front 3

What are the four major categories of tissues?

Back 3

nervous
epithelial
connective
muscle

Front 4

Tissues are composed of _____.

Back 4

SIMILAR CELLS

Front 5

Epithelial tissue is involved in _____.

Back 5

Interior lining of blood vessels

Front 6

Structure in the living world is organized into hierarchical levels. Which of the following lists these from least inclusive to most inclusive?

Back 6

molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Front 7

Voluntary body movements involve _____.

Back 7

skeletal muscle

Front 8

What is the primary function of the nervous tissue?

Back 8

rapid communication of signals

Front 9

With reference to homeostatic control, what is negative feedback?

Back 9

It ensures that conditions in an organism do not vary too much above or below their set points.

Front 10

Epithelial tissues

Back 10

cover both external & internal body surfaces

Front 11

Which of the following items has a shape most like a squamous epithelial cell?

Back 11

a fried egg

Front 12

Which of the following is a type of connective tissue?

Back 12

adipose tissue

Front 13

Which of the following is formed from a matrix of collagen fibers embedded in a hard mineral substance?

Back 13

bone

Front 14

A ligament is composed of what kind of connective tissue?

Back 14

fibrous connective

Front 15

The goal of homeostasis is the _____.

Back 15

maintenance of internal conditions within a limited range

Front 16

Smooth muscle is responsible for

Back 16

involuntary body activities

Front 17

Food is pushed through the digestive tract by the contractions of _____.

Back 17

smooth muscle

Front 18

The main function of muscle tissue is

Back 18

contraction

Front 19

The structural and functional unit of nervous tissue is the

Back 19

neuron

Front 20

Homeostasis

Back 20

is the maintenance of a constant internal state.

Front 21

Which of the following is a good example of homeostasis?

Back 21

When blood CO2 increases, you breathe faster to get rid of CO2.

Front 22

Negative feedback is a method of homeostatic control that _____.

Back 22

counteracts a change in a condition by causing the change to either moderate or stop

Front 23

Under normal conditions, blood sugar levels are controlled within a narrow range by negative feedback. Two hormones are involved in maintaining blood sugar levels at the set point (about 90 mg of glucose/100 ml of blood). When blood sugar levels rise above the set point, the hormone insulin signals the liver to absorb the excess sugar. When blood sugar levels drop below the set point, the hormone glucagon signals the liver to release its stored glucose to the bloodstream. In juvenile onset diabetes, the body doesn't produce enough insulin and insulin supplements are required.

Based on your understanding of homeostasis, for negative feedback control of blood glucose levels to function properly

Back 23

there must be sensors that monitor blood glucose levels.

Front 24

If you hadn't eaten for several hours, which hormone would be responsible for returning your glucose levels to the set point?

Back 24

glucagon

Front 25

What type of epithelium would you expect to find covering a surface subject to physical forces?

Back 25

stratified epithelium

Front 26

What type of epithelial tissue, found in the intestines, absorbs nutrients?

Back 26

simple columnar epithelium

Front 27

What type of epithelial tissue lines kidney tubules?

Back 27

simple cuboidal cells

Front 28

Which of these tissues, found in the lungs, permits gas exchange by diffusion?

Back 28

simple squamous epithelium

Front 29

How does connective tissue differ from the other three major tissue types?

Back 29

Connective tissue often consists of relatively few cells embedded in an extracellular matrix

Front 30

Which of these describes loose connective tissue?

Back 30

It is a loose weave of fibers that functions as a packing material

Front 31

Cartilage is found _____.

Back 31

at the ends of bones such as the femur

Front 32

_____ is the connective tissue specialized for transport.

Back 32

blood

Front 33

What type of muscle is responsible for contractions of the digestive tract and arteries?

Back 33

smooth muscle

Front 34

Cardiac muscle is the only muscle composed of _____ fibers.

Back 34

branched

Front 35

_____ muscle is attached to bones.

Back 35

Skeletal

Front 36

A neuron consists of _____.

Back 36

dendrites, a cell body, and axons

Front 37

Nervous tissue functions ___

Back 37

to sense stimuli

Front 38

Which of these is NOT one of the four major categories of tissue?

Back 38

blood

Front 39

Which of these is an example of negative feedback?

Back 39

The end product of a reaction sequence shuts down the reaction sequence