Cerritos College Physical Anthropology Ant115 Chapter 2

Front 1

adaptation

Back 1

change in physical structure ,function or behavior allowing an organism to survive

Front 2

adaptive radiation

Back 2

The diversification of an ancestral group of organisms into new forms that are adapted to specific environment niches

Front 3

allele

Back 3

One or more alternative forms of a gene

Front 4

blending inheritance

Back 4

An outdated disrupted theory that the phenotype of an offspring was a uniform blend of the parents phenotype

Front 5

catastrophism

Back 5

Doctrine asserting that catastrophic events such as earthquakes and volcanoes rather than the evolutionary process are responsible for the changes throughout earths history

Front 6

demography

Back 6

influence on population size and competition for limited resources

Front 7

(DNA) deoxyribonucleic acid

Back 7

A double stranded molecule that provides the genetic code for an organism, consisting of phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and four types of nitrogen bases

Front 8

dominant

Back 8

refers to an allele that is expressed in an organisms phenotype and that simultaneously masks the effects of another allele if another is present

Front 9

endemic

Back 9

a characteristic of feature that is natural to a given population or enviroment

Front 10

evolutionary synthesis

Back 10

unified theory of evolution that combines genetics and natural selection

Front 11

fossils

Back 11

the remains of past creature

Front 12

gemmules

Back 12

idea of Darwin, the units of inheritance, accumulated in the gametes so they could be passed on

Front 13

gene

Back 13

basic unit of inheritance, a DNA sequence on a chromosome, coded to make a specific protien

Front 14

gene flow

Back 14

the exchange of alleles between 2 populations

Front 15

gene drift

Back 15

random change of allele frequency from one generation to the next, (great effect to small population)

Front 16

genotype

Back 16

the genetic makeup of an organism, the combo of alleles for a given gene

Front 17

genus

Back 17

group of related species

Front 18

geology

Back 18

the study of earths makeup (rocks)

Front 19

habitat

Back 19

the natural environment where an organism lives

Front 20

Lamarckism

Back 20

Created by Lamarck, evolution through inheritance of characteristics in which an organism can pass on the features acquired during its lifetime

Front 21

Mendelian Inheritance

Back 21

Principles associated with transmission of genetic material, forming the basis of genetics, (law of segregation, law of independent assortment)

Front 22

mutation

Back 22

A random change in a gene or chromosome that creates a new trait

Front 23

natural selection

Back 23

The process of organisms with adaptable features to the environment, survive, reproduce amplifying those features in the population

Front 24

palentology

Back 24

the study of fossils

Front 25

pandemic

Back 25

epidemic of infectous disease that is spread through human population

Front 26

pheontype

Back 26

the physical expression of the genotype

Front 27

population genetics

Back 27

focuses on the changes in gene frequencies and the effects of those changes on adaptation and evolution

Front 28

recessive

Back 28

allele shown in an organisms phenotype if 2 copies are present but masked if the dominant allele is present

Front 29

species

Back 29

a group of related beings that can mate and produce fertile offspring

Front 30

systematics

Back 30

trying to understand the evolutionary interrelationship of living things, trying to explain how things change over time

Front 31

taxonomy

Back 31

classification of life forms

Front 32

uniformitarianism

Back 32

idea that processes that occurred in the past still occur today