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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List 3 important qualities of the fluoroquinolones?
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1. Safe
2. Oral absorption 3. Penetrate extremely well into tissues |
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What is the fluoroquinolone mechanism of action?
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Think "flock of sinners" -- "gyrating": inhibition of DNA gyrase
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What are the adverse effects of ciprofloxacin?
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Can cause seizures in patients with renal insufficiency or when combined with NSAIDs
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Describe fluroquinolone drug levels in the stool and kidneys?
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Enterohepatic circulation and then excretion via kidney leads to high levels in both stool and kidneys
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What are the clinical uses of fluoroquinolones?
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Gram (-)s!
1. multi-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa 2. Enterobacteriaceae 3. Complicated UTIs 4. Gram (-) facultative intracellular organisms - Legionella, Salmonella, Mycobacterium, etc 5. Chronic osteomyelitis caused by Staph aureus |
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Vancomycin covers which bugs? Makes it the opposite coverage of which drug? Which nasty bugs in particular?
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Covers all gram (+)s! Opposite of aztreonam.
1. MRSA 2. Multi-resistant Staph epidermidis 3. Enterococcus (strep faecalis) |
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A rapid infusion of vancomycin can cause which adverse effect?
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Nonimmunologic release of histamine: Red Man syndrome
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Why is vancomycin effective in C dif treatment?
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Not absorbed orally, so when taken orally, cruises down the GI tract to kill C dif.
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Sulfa drugs - mechanism of action?
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Competitively inhibits production of TH4 by bacteria.
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Sulfamethoxazole is often given with which drug?
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Trimethoprim
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Describe the absorption and excretion of sulfa drugs?
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Oral absorption.
Excretion in urine - good for UTIs. |
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Which people often have adverse effects on TMP/SMX?
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AIDS patients.
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What are the clinical uses of TMP/SMX?
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Think of the mnemonic: TMP S
T - respiratory TREE: strep pneumo, H flu M- MOUTH (GI tract): gram (-)s like Shigella, Salmonella, and E coli P - PEE (GU tract): infections by the E coli and other enterics S - SYNDROME (AIDS): Pneumocystis carinii and other protozoan prevention (prophylaxis) |
