Ch. 15 & 16 Patient Care Pp

Front 1

Homeostasis

Back 1

Constancy in the internal environment of the body, naturally maintained by adaptive responses that promote healthy survival

Front 2

Body temperature

Back 2

Measurement of the degrees of heat of the deep tissues of the human body

Front 3

Diaphoresis

Back 3

Profuse sweating

Front 4

Oral

Axillary

Tympanic

Temporal

Rectal

Back 4

Ways you can measure body temperature

Front 5

Hyperthermia

Back 5

Abnormally high body temperature, especially that induced for therapeutic purposes

Front 6

Fibrile

Back 6

Pertaining to or characterized by fever

Front 7

Hypothermia

Back 7

Low body temperature

Front 8

Normal body temperature range

Back 8

97.6 - 100

Front 9

98.6°

Back 9

Average oral temp

Front 10

Average Tympanic temp

Back 10

97.6°

Front 11

100°

Back 11

Average Temporal artery

Front 12

99.6°

Back 12

Average rectal temp

Front 13

97.6°

Back 13

Average Axillary

Front 14

Tidal volume

Back 14

Volume of air inhaled during one respiratory cycle

Front 15

Ventilation

Back 15

Mechanical movement of air into and out of the lungs

Front 16

Respiratory Measurement

Back 16

In healthy adults a single respiration consists of an inspiration phase in an expiration phase. Respirations are counted by observing the movement of the abdomen

Front 17

Tachypnea

Back 17

Abnormal Rapid breathing

Front 18

Bradypnea

Back 18

Abnormal slowness of breathing

Front 19

Dyspnea

Back 19

Difficult or labored breathing

Front 20

Orthopnea

Back 20

Difficulty breathing when laying down

Front 21

Apnea

Back 21

Cessation of spontaneous ventilation

Front 22

Adult: 12 - 20 per min

Child: 20 - 30 per min

Back 22

Normal respiration rates for adult and child

Front 23

Pulse

Back 23

A rhythmical throbbing of arteries as blood is propelled through them

Front 24

Auscultation

Back 24

Listening to sounds of the body, typically through the use of a stethoscope

Front 25

Radial artery on the lateral side of the wrist

Brachial artery found in the antecubital fossa or upper arm in infants

Carotid artery in the neck

Back 25

Pulse measurement locations

Hint 25

Front 26

Pulse oximeter

Back 26

Photoelectric device used for determining the oxygen saturation of the blood. 95% or greater oxygen saturation is considered a normal range

Front 27

Tachycardia

Back 27

Rapidity heart action.

Usually defined as a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute

Front 28

Bradycardia

Back 28

Slowness of the heartbeat as evidenced by slowing of the pulse rate to less than 60 beats per minute

Front 29

Adult: 60 -100

Child: 70 - 120

Back 29

Normal pulse ranges in adults and children

Front 30

Blood pressure

Back 30

The pressure of the blood in the circulatory system, often measured for diagnosis since it is closely related to the force and rate of the heartbeat and the diameter and elasticity of the arterial walls

Front 31

Diastolic

Back 31

Pertaining to the dilation, or a period of relaxation of the heart, especially of the ventricles

Front 32

Systolic

Back 32

Pertaining to the tightening, or period of contraction of the heart, especially of the ventricles

Front 33

Systolic pressure

Back 33

When taking blood pressure, the initial sound of blood flow is the ___ observed on the manometer

Front 34

Diastolic pressure

Back 34

When taking blood pressure, when the sound of blood can no longer be heard the ____ will be observed on the manometer

Front 35

Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope

Back 35

Blood pressure readings are obtained with the use of..

Front 36

Sphygmomanometer

Back 36

Instrument for measuring blood pressure. Consists of a cuff, tubing, a valve, a ball, and a manometer.

Front 37

Stethoscope

Back 37

A medical instrument for listening to the action of someone's heart or breathing, typically having a small disk-shaped resonator that is placed against the chest and two tubes connected to ear pieces

Front 38

Hypertension

Back 38

Persistently High arterial blood pressure

Front 39

120 -139 / 80-89

Back 39

Prehypertension range

Front 40

140-149 / 90-99

Back 40

Stage 1 hypertension range

Front 41

>160 / >100

Back 41

Stage 2 hypertension range

Front 42

Hypotension

Back 42

Abnormally low blood pressure

Front 43

<95 / <60

Back 43

Hypotension range

Front 44

<120 / <80

Back 44

Normal blood pressure

Front 45

Oxygen therapy

Back 45

Also known as supplemental oxygen, is the use of oxygen as a medical treatment

Front 46

Hypoxemia

Back 46

Decreased oxygen concentration in the blood

Front 47

Hypoxia

Back 47

Reduction of oxygen supply in the tissue

Front 48

Nasal cannula

Masks

Tent and Oxyhood

Ventilators

Back 48

Types of oxygen devices

Hint 48

Front 49

Endotracheal tubes

Back 49

Used to manage a variety of respiratory complications

Front 50

Intubation

Back 50

Insertion of a tubular device into a canal, Hollow organ, or cavity

Hint 50

Front 51

Atelectasis

Back 51

Absence of gas from part or the whole of the lungs, as a result of failure of expansion or reabsorption of gas from the alveoli

Front 52

Thoracostomy tubes

Back 52

AKA chest tubes, are used to drain the intrapleural space and the mediastinum

Front 53

Pneumothorax

Back 53

Presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity

Front 54

Pleural effusion

Back 54

Increased amounts of fluid within the pleural cavity, usually the result of inflammation

Front 55

Central venous lines

Back 55

Catheters that are inserted into a large vein. ____ are used to administer a variety of drugs, manage fluid volume, serve as a conduit for blood analysis and transfusions, and monitor cardiac pressures

Front 56

Cardiac output

Back 56

Amount of blood ejected from the ventricles each minute. Calculated as the product of stroke volume times heart rate

Front 57

Electrocardiogram

Back 57

Device used to assess the heart's ability to perform its vital function of producing adequate cardiac output

Front 58

EKG

Back 58

Abbreviated term commonly used to describe the electrocardiogram, based on the Greek term kardia meaning heart

Front 59

ECG

Back 59

Abbreviated term commonly used to describe the electrocardiogram, based on the English term cardia meaning heart

Front 60

Cardiac cycle

Back 60

Events that occur from the beginning of the ventricle contraction (systole) until the beginning of another

Front 61

Arrhythmia

Back 61

Irregularity of cardiac actions associated with physiologic or pathologic interruptions of the neuro conductive tissues of the heart (AKA dysrhythmia)

Front 62

Depolarization

Back 62

Myocardial cells are stimulated to contract

Front 63

Repolarization

Back 63

Myocardial cells relax

Front 64

Automaticity

Back 64

Process whereby cardiac cell membrane spontaneously depolarize at recurrent periods

Front 65

Action potential

Back 65

Processes of depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac membrane

1. The resting cell membrane is positively charged on the outside and negatively charged on the inside

2. After stimulation, positive ions enter the cell, reversing this polarity

3. This process continues until the entire cell membrane is depolarized

4. Ions return to their normal location, and the cell repolarizes to its normal resting potential

Hint 65

Front 66

Normal electrocardiogram

Back 66

Front 67

Sinus Bradycardia

Back 67

Front 68

Sinus Tachycardia

Back 68

Front 69

Atrial Fibrillation

Back 69

Front 70

Ventricular Fibrillation

Back 70

Front 71

Asystole

Back 71

Front 72

Fibrillation

Back 72

Quivering contraction of the cardiac muscle fibers

Front 73

Asystole

Back 73

There is no evidence of any cardiac neuro conductive activity (full cardiac arrest)

Front 74

Cardiac pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)

Back 74

Implantable device used to treat arrhythmias and often bradycardia

Front 75

Atria depolarization

Back 75

P wave

Front 76

Ventricle depolarization

Back 76

Q wave

Front 77

Ventricle repolarization

Back 77

T wave