Block D Lecture 3

Front 1

fatty acids are what

Back 1

carboxylic acid linked too an aliphatic tail

Front 2

3 chains of fatty acids and explain

Back 2

short chain fatty acids- <6 carbon chain

medium chain fatty acids- 7-12 carbon chain

long chain fatty acids->13 carbon chainfi

Front 3

further classifications of fatty acids

Back 3

saturate fatty acids (SFA)

monounsaturated (MUFA)

polyunsaturated( PUFA)

Front 4

what is arachadonic acid?

Back 4

a fatty acid

Front 5

what do FAS HAVE

Back 5

GPCR Family

Front 6

how can you get fatty acids

Back 6

taken in by diet

made in the system

Front 7

explain characteristics of MCFA and SCFA

Back 7

Obtained from dietary fat

de novo synthesis in the liver

essential FA helps synthesis of PUFA

Front 8

what are no esterified free fatty acids

Back 8

precursors of signalling molecules ( PGs and LTs) prostalgandins and leukotrienes

acts as ligands directly on receptors (FFA GPCRS)

Front 9

explain characteristics of SCFAs

Back 9

produced when dietary fiber is fermer

microbiota of the gut

Front 10

how do you want to know how FFA Are biologically made

Back 10

accumulation OF FFA in the sytstem

Front 11

for FFA1 what is the fatty acids and signalling

Back 11

MCFA AND LCFA

Gi Gq Gs and arrestin

Front 12

for FFA2 what is the fatty acids and signalling

Back 12

SCFA

gi gq and arrestin

Front 13

for FFA3 what is the fatty acids and signalling

Back 13

SCFA

Gi

Front 14

for FFA4 what is the fatty acids and signalling

Back 14

SCFA AND MCFA

gi gq and arrestin

Front 15

what is arrestin ?

Back 15

a non G protein dependant - it is a scaffolding protein

Front 16

explain FFA1

Back 16

originally designated GPR40

crystal structure resolved

Front 17

why is it good having knowledge of regions of ligand binding

Back 17

because you can design and develop new drugs

Front 18

what has the highest potency

Back 18

LCFA PUFAs

Front 19

what are poor agonists

Back 19

trans- unsaturated fatty acids

Front 20

acute LCFA treatment does what

Back 20

enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion

Front 21

chronic LCFA treatment

Back 21

lipotoxity and inhibition of insulin secretion leading to signalling bias evoked from different LCFA ligands

Front 22

explain FFA1 agonists

crystal structura with TAK875

Back 22

3 potential binding pockets

positive allosteric modulation

Tak875 a pam of LCFA responses

Bias towards activation of specific pathways

Front 23

TAK875 leads to what

Back 23

FFA1-> Arr2/3

Front 24

what happens in arrestin KO MICE

Back 24

insulintropic activity reduced

Front 25

LCFAs change into what

gq inhibition does what

Back 25

FFA1-> G

Gq inhibition insulintropic activity ablated

Front 26

how to track FFA1 ligands

Back 26

with fluorescent probes for ligand engagement

Front 27

in receptors of FFA2, FFA3, and FFA4

Back 27

FFA2-orthosteric/allosteric agonists

FFA3- allosteric agonists

FFA4- orthosteric agonist