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153 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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something that is true
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a fact
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the body of facts that man has gathered by observing the physical universe
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science
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life from a nonliving materials
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spontaneous generation
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a simple, testable statement that predicts the results of research study
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an hypothesis
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a supposed process by which nonliving things can be changed directly into living things
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spontaneous generation
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the group that is not exposed to the experimental variables
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control group
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knowledge that is produced by scientific activities
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pure science
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the blending of light as it passes through an object
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refraction
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this scientis made over 200 different microscopes and is reffered to as "the father of microscopy"
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Leeuwenhoek
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the making of another organism which has characteristics and limitations similar to the original
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reproduction
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the capacity to respond to stimuli
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irritability
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organisms grow by what means
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assimilation
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what was needed for a person to be healthy, according to the Doctrine of Humors
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balance of fluids known as "humors"
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NOT an attribute of all living organisms
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requiring food
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the belief in something
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faith
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what is needed to maintaina high level of organization in all living things
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energy
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the ability of a microscope to deliver a clear detailed image
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resolution
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the study of biology
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life
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NOT necessary for something to be considered alive
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locomotion
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characteristics that make the offspring different from their parents
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variations
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an atom that has all the characteristics and is the smallest unit of...
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an element
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anything that occupies space and has mass
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matter
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universal sovent
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water
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the giving or taking of elements to form bonds
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chemical bonding
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the sharing of electrons to form bonds
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covalent bonding
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the type of formula which clearly states the number and type of atoms in a compound
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molecular formula
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different electrons which combine to form different substances
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molecules
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when only water is diffused through a semiperable membrane
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osmosis
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the law of thermodynamics which states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed
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1st law
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the most abundant carbohydrate
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chitin
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stored energy
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potential
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the net movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
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diffusion
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the increase in randomness and loss of usable energy
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entropy
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a demonstrations of physical change
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~boilong water
~mixing sugar and water ~chilling gelatin |
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organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
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carbohydrates
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the basic building blocks of proteins
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amino acids
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the subatomic particules found in the nucleus of an atom
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protons and neutrons
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the type of bond betweens two amino acids
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polypeptide bond
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diffusion will continue until what point is reached
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the equilibrium point
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compounds that are produced by living organisms
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organic
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NOT a function of organic compounds
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synthetic
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in living organisms the membranes permit only certain to pass through them
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semipermeable
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NOT a characteristic of enzymes
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enzymes often serve as inorganic catalysts
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animals normally store their energy
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glycgen
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all of the structures and the matreials inside the plasma membrane, excluding the nucleus
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cytoplasm
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elimination of insoluble, non-digested particules by a cell
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egestion
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the transport of dissolved substances into cells to be used by the cell
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absorption
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the cell theory states that all cells come from preexisting cells and.....
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cell form tissues
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organisms made up of the cells that can operate independently but that normally tend to group together
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colonial cells
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several tissues grouped together and working as a unit form
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an organ
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a prokaryotic cell has all of the characteristics exept
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membrane bound organelles
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a eukaryotic cell has all of the characteristics exept
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a nuclear area are not enclosed in a membrane
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cells were first identified by
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Hooke
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the cytoplasm's long extensions that are used in cellular movement
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flagella
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since diffusion requires no cellular energy, what kind of form is it
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passive transport
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the control center of most cell activity
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nucleus
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a solution that has a greater concentration of water molecules than the cell it surrounds
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hypotonic
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the use of cellular energy to pump particles across a membrane
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active transport
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a steady state in an organism maintained by self-regulating adjustment
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homeostasis
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what is the brusting of cells in hypotonic solutions
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cytolysis
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the organelle referred to as the "powerhouse" of the cell
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mitochondria
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the shriveling of cells in hypertonic solution
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plasmolysis
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the three major categories of cell anatomy include all exept
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cell walls
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an example of an autotrophic organism
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oak tree
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cellular respiration
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the breaking down food to release energy
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the centers of the cellular respiration
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mitochondria
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the breakdown of glucose by enzyme action WITHOUT the presence of oxygen
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fermentation
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what is an example of anaerbrobic cellular respiration
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- alcoholic fermentation
-lactic acid fermentation |
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the phoshporous-containing compound that STORES ENERGY
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ATP
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what is part of an ATP molecule
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pyruvic acid
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what is the light absorbing, green pigment found in plants
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chlorophyll
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for each molecule of glucose processed by glycolysis, there is a NET ENERGY YIELD of..
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2 ATP
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how many molecules of ATP are produced in the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose
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36
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what is responsible for producing the most ATP from a glucose molecule
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hydrogen and electron transport system
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what is the sequence of processes in the oxidation of glucose
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glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, electron transport
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the principle (major) product of the photosynthesis
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glucose
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a nutritionally dependent organism
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heterophic
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the most important function of chlorophyll
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absorb light
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a process that uses oxygen
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aerobic
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the base that is only found in RNA
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uracil
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during what process are all three types RNA involved
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cellular respiration
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the molecule that delivers amino acids to the ribosomes
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tRNA
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each messenger RNA codon codes for...
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an amino acid
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what carries the DNA code from the nucleus to the ribosomes
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mRNA
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what message would the mRNA receive if the DNA code read for ATC
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UAG
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what would the anticodon for the mRNA be for ATC
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AUC
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what is NOT a DNA base
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uracil
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the processes that build molecules and store energy
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catabolism
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the destructive, or energy-releasing, phase of metabolism
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catabolism
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a section of DNA that produces a particular polypeptide chain of amino acids and thereby cause a trait
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gene
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if an organism has two alleles for a single trait
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heterozygous
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hair and eye color, body build, and facial featers are inherited
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individual characteristics
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the human diploid chromosomes number
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46
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when two haploid cells unite, they form a diploid cell
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zygote
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what is a difference between miosis and meiosis
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the number of consecutive cell divisions
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in which phase of mitosis do the sister chromaids seperate
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anaphase
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the first phase of mitosis
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prophase
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interphase does NOT include
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prophase
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cytokinesis is the period of time in which...
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the cytoplasm is divided
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an example of a species characteritic in humans
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thumbs
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the ability of a person to roll his tongue is due to a dominant allel T-. A women who can roll her tongue is married to a man who cannot. Two of their four children have the ability to roll their tongues, and two do not. what are the parents genotypes?
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~mother Tt
~father tt |
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in humans, free ear lobes are determined by a dominant gene, F and earlobes that are attached are determined by a recessive gene f. a woman with free earlobes marries a man with attached earlobes. their first child has attached ear lobes. what's the mother's genotype?
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Ff
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a lethal gene means the gene
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causes the death of the offsping
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an example of a haploid cell would be
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gamete
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what a organism has a complete set of chromosomes beyond the diploid state (3n)
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tripoid
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the absence of a chromosome or the presence of an extra chromosome is an organism
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aneuploidy
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what is an example of down syndrome
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nondisjuction
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someone with down syndrome has...
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an incorrect number of chromosomes
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variations
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are the natural differences between organisms from the same gene pool
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all the gene present in given population
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gene pool
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what is a current method of genetic screening
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~analysis of prospective parents
~analysis of three parts ~analysis of the unborn |
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what is NOT a method of learning about the child before he is born
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pedigree analysis
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a change in a characteristic can be passed on naturally to future generations only in what form
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germ mutation
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what is NOT a change that occurs within a chromosome
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substitution
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the use of living organsms to create products
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biotechnology
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an exact duplicate of a molecule, a cell or an organism
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clone
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what is NOT true of embryonic stem cells
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are taken from tissues of children or adults
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the mating of an organism with itself or a close relative
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inbreeding
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a theistic envolutionist tries to combine
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evolutionary theory and the Bible
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what is NOT considered a major component or concept in the theory of evolution
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philosophy of creation
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what is NOT a result of an evolutionary philosophy
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man will believe in a moral code
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according to Lamark's theory of evolution a cat that lost an ear during a fight
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would produce offspring with only one ear
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dinosaur footprints in rock are an example of..
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imprints
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evolutionists believe that different body parts that have the same basic structure
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homologous structures
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creationists believe
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~the Bible is the inspired Word of God
~the Genesis account of creation is aliteral description of creation |
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what is NOT part of Lamarck's theory of evolution
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the theory of recapituation
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Neo-Darwinism is based of the theory
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mulation-selection
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the deluge theory of fossil formation
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~supports a universal flood
~accounts for the formation of sedimentary rock ~requires large amounts of water |
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what types of fossilization occurs when water containing dissolved minerals
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petrification
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the most common type of identifiable fossils
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preservation of parts of fossils
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the branch of biology dealing with the classification of organisms into groups
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taxonomy
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the mold growing on a piece of bread belonging in kingdom
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fungi
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the classification group with the most different kinds of organisms
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kingdom
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binomial nomenclature is a what method
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naming organisms
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divisions of a phylum in the classification system
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classes
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the step below a family in the classifaction system
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genus
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classifications system
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kingdom
phylum class order family genus species |
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what is bacteria NOT used in
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pasteurizing milk
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transformation is what type
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bacterial gene transfer
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what is NOT a type of disorder
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aging
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what is NOT known to cause cancer
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antibodies
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spherical or round bacteria
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cocci
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Rod-shaped bacteria
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bacilli
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bacteria that break down the remains of dead organisms are classified how
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decomposers
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some bacteria have a thickened slime layer
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capsule
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in order for a bacterium to grow exept what range of bacterium
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carcinogens
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viruses destroy the cel they invade in a cycle
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lytic cycle
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the redness, rise in temperature, and in pain caused bt the toxins of a pathogen
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an inflammation
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a disease that is spread by a mosquito is what kind of virus
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vector carried
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what is NOT a step that you can take to help reduce the risk of developing cancer
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using a tanning lamp rather the direct sunlight
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certain bacillus and spirillum bacteria move by means
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flagella
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an immune carrier is a person who..
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has a pathogen but is not suffering the symptoms of the disease
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what is NOT a defense againest an infectious disease
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benign tumors
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