Bio 181 Final

Front 1

Which of the following is in the group of elements that makes up ~96% of the matter of living organisms?

Back 1

P

O-Correct

Ca

K

Front 2

What is the lowest level of biological organization that can perform all the activities required for life?

Back 2

Cell- for example skin cell

Front 3

table salt is made by combining sodium (a metal) and chlorine (a non-metal). What description best describes the bond made

Back 3

Na loses electrons and Cl gains electrons to form an ionic bond

Front 4

What best describes carbon

Back 4

Carbon can form 4 covalent bonds

Front 5

An organism with a plasma membrane, a cell wall and a nucleus is found. scientists decide that it is a

Back 5

Plant

Front 6

A human maintaining a Ph of 7.4 for their blood is an examples of

Back 6

Homeostasis

Front 7

Which of the following is the correct order of the pH of bases from weakest to strongest

Back 7

Know that that the most basic base is 7 (neutral) and highest base is 14

Front 8

What best describes an atom of an element

Back 8

Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus, electrons are orbiting the nucleus

Front 9

A molecule with 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids is a____

Back 9

Triglyceride (fat molecule)

Front 10

WHich of the following best describes the isotopes H2 and H3

Back 10

Differing neutron numbers even though they are both hydrogen

Front 11

A molecule containing ribose, a phosphate group, and guanine is a _____

Back 11

Nucleotide of RNA

Front 12

People who characterize the theory of evolution as "Just a theory" demonstrate:

Back 12

They do not understand that "theory" in science is a broad and overarching concept that explains a variety of observations and instead think scientists use the term "theory" as a synonym for "hypothesis"

Front 13

Earwax, cholesterol, and butter are all examples of what maromolecule?

Back 13

Lipids

Front 14

The joining of two adjacent amino acids is

Back 14

A peptide bond

A dehydration reaction

A covalent bond

Front 15

A monomer of protein is called an

Back 15

Amino Acid

Front 16

Amino Acids have

Back 16

An amino (NH2) end and an acid end (COOH)

Front 17

Which macro molecule provides long term energy

Back 17

Lipids

Front 18

This level of protein structure describes particular sequence of amino acids?

Back 18

Primary

Front 19

Some macromolecules are long chains; others are ring shaped, what part of the macromolecules account for this difference?

Back 19

Functional group

Front 20

Plants produce simple sugars through photosynthesis. These sugars are combined and stored as cellulose. this is an example of a _______ reaction

Back 20

Synthesis/Dehydration reaction

Front 21

Which is an incorrect description of an organic molecule

Back 21

Usually uses ionic bonding

Front 22

An unknown sample was tested with both benedicts (sugar) solution and iodine (starch) reagent. The sample with iodine turned black and after heating in a water bath, the sample with benedicts was red/orange. What was learned

Back 22

The tests were positive for glucose and positive for starch

Front 23

What purpose is served when a test is done using water instead of a sample substance

Back 23

The water is the control (standard)

Front 24

Which organelle is involved in synthesizing proteins?

Back 24

Ribosome

Front 25

Which organelle is responsible for storing substances such as sugar, water, and pigments in plants?

Back 25

Vacuole

Front 26

7 characteristics of life

Back 26

1)Order

2)Energy (hetero/autotrophic)

3)Grow/Develop

4)Reproduce

5)adapt to stimulii

6)homeostasis

7)adaptations

Front 27

Which proteins act as ID tags and cell-surface attachment sites

Back 27

Glycoproteins

Front 28

In which type of solution do animal cell burst

Back 28

Hypotonic

Front 29

Which type of cell connections make cells leak proof; are made of strands of proteins to keep spaces between cells from leaking and are found in cells of tissues that serve as barriers

Back 29

Tight Junctions

Front 30

Which of the following is not true about osmosis

Back 30

It is a form of active transport

Front 31

Which form of Endocytosis is used by white blood cells and amoebas

Back 31

Phagocytosis (ingesting another cell)

Front 32

Enzymes are a (an)

Back 32

Biological catalyst

Front 33

Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is incorrect

Back 33

an enzyme can work on many pathways

Front 34

Which of the following best describes enzyme inhibition?

Back 34

the product binds to the allosteric site and changes the enzymes shape

Front 35

which of the following is true about atp

Back 35

It carries energy between different organelles

It is recycles over and over within the body

Molecule becomes ADP when providing energy

Front 36

Glucose is a very large molecule with a lot of potential energy and therefore not very stable. This is an example of what concept?

Back 36

Entropy

Front 37

What changes the tertiary structure of an enzyme

Back 37

Placing the enzyme in an environment with a temp of 100c (boiling temp of water)

Front 38

The active site of an enzyme is the region

Back 38

(where the substrate binds to the enzyme)

The active site of the enzyme is where the substrate of the reaction binds. When the substrate binds to the enzyme at the active site, this creates the enzyme substrate complex and the enzyme catalyzes the reaction. The allosteric region is a region other than the active site. When allosteric regulators bind to the enzyme, it changes the shape of the enzyme so that the substrate cannot bind, thus inhibiting the enzyme from catalyzing the reaction. The products are what are created by the reaction. A coenzyme or cofactor is sometimes needed before a reaction can take place. If one of these is needed, the enzyme cannot catalyze a reaction until the coenzyme or cofactor is prsent.

Front 39

The movement of ______ is responsible, either directly or indirectly, for all the work done by living organisms

Back 39

Electrons

Front 40

What are the net products of photosynthesis

Back 40

glucose and oxygen

Front 41

During cellular respiration oxygen is reduced and glucose is oxidized. Which of the following is a correct description of this reaction?

Back 41

Oxygen gains electrons and glucose loses electrons

Front 42

why is glycolysis described as having an investment phase and a payoff phase?

Back 42

It invests ATP initially in order to synthesize more ATP

Front 43

During cellular respiration, most of the electrons used to make ATP are trapped in which molecules before the oxidative phosphorylation cycle?

Back 43

NADH and FADH2

Front 44

What is the correct order for the cellular respiration cycle?

Back 44

Glycolysis, Prep Cycle, Citric Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation

Front 45

in what part of cellular respiration is carbon dioxide produced?

Back 45

Krebs Cycle (prep cycle/ Citric Cycle)

Front 46

why does the oxidation of organic compounds by molecular oxygen produce CO2 and water release energy?

Back 46

Electrons are being moved from atoms that have a lower affinity for electrons (such as carbon) to atoms with a higher affinity for electrons (such as oxygen)

Front 47

Both aerobic respiration and anaerobic (the process used by yeast) produces carbon dioxide. Which of the following statements is correct regarding other products produced by the two processes?

Back 47

Aerobic respiration produces water / anaerobic respiration produces ethanol

Front 48

The purpose of fermentation reactions is

Back 48

To regenerate NAD+ so glycolysis can continue

Front 49

Which of the following best describes how plants use visible light?

Back 49

Blue and red are the most efficient, green is the least

Front 50

When (which cycle) during photo synthesis does CO2 fixation occur to eventually produce glucose?

Back 50

Calvin Cycle

Front 51

Photosynthesis takes place in the _______ while cellular respiration takes place in the _______

Back 51

Chloroplast/ Cytoplasm and mitochondria

Front 52

When is water oxidized and O2 produced during photosynthesis?

Back 52

Photosystem II of the light reaction

Front 53

Light Reactions take place in the _____ while the calvin cycle takes place in the ______

Back 53

Thylakoid/ Stroma

Front 54

How are the light reactions and the calvin cycle connected

Back 54

The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the Calvin cycle, and the calvin cycle returns ADP, Pi, and NADP+ to the light reactions

Front 55

Which process is most directly driven by light energy

Back 55

Removal of electrons by chlorophyll molecules

Front 56

Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs

Back 56

Autotrophs, but not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves by directly using CO2 and energy from the sun

Front 57

Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin Cycle

Back 57

Release of oxygen

Front 58

The organic carbon in a tree comes primarily from?

Back 58

CO2

Front 59

A cell spends most of the cell cycle in

Back 59

Interphase

Front 60

When the cell is in G1 interphase, the DNA is called

Back 60

Chromatin

Front 61

Which of the following is true regarding DNA synthesis

Back 61

Occurs in the S Stage of interphase of both somatic cells and primary spermatocyes and oocytes

Front 62

How do the daughter cells at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis compare with their parent cell when it was in G1 of the cell cycle?

Back 62

The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and the same amount of DNA

Front 63

Which of the following helps a species have genetic recombination

Back 63

Crossing over and Independent assortment

Front 64

A human sperm cell ______

Back 64

Is haploid

Front 65

During anaphase I the chromosomes have ______ as they move toward the poles

Back 65

Two sister chromatids

Front 66

Which of the following describes a person with sawyer Syndrome

Back 66

The person's Y chromosome has no SRY gene

Front 67

Which of the following is an exchange of material between two non homologous chromosomes?

Back 67

Translocation

Front 68

What is not true about a cancer cell

Back 68

Can be caused by mutations in genes that control cell division cycles

Front 69

The inactivated X in the somatic cells of females is referred to as?

Back 69

A Barr Body

Front 70

Fertilization of a haploid egg in humans results in _________

Back 70

A diploid zygote

Front 71

This is the shortest part of the cell cycle

Back 71

M

Front 72

A gene's location along a chromosome is known as what?

Back 72

Locus

Front 73

What is a karyotype?

Back 73

A display of every pair of homologous chromosomes within a cell, organized according to size and shape

Front 74

what is the name of the gene that makes the hormone called testis-determining factor in males

Back 74

SRY Gene

Front 75

How and at what stage do chromosomes undergo independant assortment?

Back 75

Meiosis I metaphase alignment

Front 76

A women with short fingers (dominant) marries a man with long fingers. They have a child with long fingers, what is the chance their next child will have long fingers.

Back 76

50%

Front 77

In sheep, coat color is determined by a single, dominant gene on the autosomal chromosome. A white ram and a black ewe produce all black lambs in the F1 generation. The f2 generation had a 3:1 black: white ratio. Which color is dominant?

Back 77

Black

Front 78

If a child has type O blood and the mother has type A, then which of the following could be the blood type of the child's father

Back 78

A, B, or O

Front 79

Two non-colorblind parents have a color blind son (recessive) what is the genotype of the father.

Back 79

X^H Y

Front 80

A man and women discover tthat they are both heterozygous for huntingtons disease. what is the probability that they can have a child with the disease.

Back 80

75%

Front 81

Pink roses and wavy hair are examples of

Back 81

Incomplete dominance

Front 82

A person who is a carrier for a disorder

Back 82

Has the recessive allele but does not show the disorder

Front 83

Ionic Bond

Back 83

Bond between metal and a nonmetal (takes electrons)

Front 84

Covalent bond

Back 84

Bond beetween two non metals and shares the electrons

Front 85

Hydrogen Bond

Back 85

Easily broken bond that can have high polarity if it has one of the Big 3 (O,N,F)

Front 86

Big 3

Back 86

O,N,F

Front 87

Isotope

Back 87

same element, different due to differing number of neutrons

Front 88

Benedicts test

Back 88

Tests for sugars

Red is positive

Front 89

Lugols Test (iodine)

Back 89

Tests for starch

turns black/blue

Front 90

Sudan iV test (lipids)

Back 90

will turn red

Front 91

Biuret test (proteins)

Back 91

Turns violet