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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Congress passed new charter for the second _____________________ - its size and power essentially forced state banks to issue safer currency.
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Bank of the United States
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______________ developed new loom 1813 in Boston Manufacturing Company - first process of both spinning and weaving.
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Francis Lowell
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________________ had grown tremendously due to imports being cut off, textile industry increased exponentially. Factories in NE no longer family operations.
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Manufacturing
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After war English ships swarmed American ports, wanted to reclaim old markets with prices below cost. 1816 Congress passed tariff to protect _________________ from competition aboard - farmers objected because paid higher prices.
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“infant industries”
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Without a ______________ manufacturers couldn’t access raw materials and send finished goods to markets in US.
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transport network
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Jefferson’s Sec Treasury _______________ proposed revenue from Ohio land sale go to fund National Road
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Albert Gallatin
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Crucial Lancaster Pike built in PA - allowed for the beginning of transport of commodities like ________.
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textiles
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____________ on the Mississippi stimulated the already agricultural economy of South and West because cost to transport products to market lowered.
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Steamboats
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1815 ___________ introduced bill to use federal funds to finance internal improvements (transportation issues), but Madison vetoed it in 1817 because it was believed unconstitutional.
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John Calhoun
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__________ movement affected economy, was a factor in the Civil War, peoples thrusted together.
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Westward
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Population and economic pressures, land __________, and decreased Indian resistance were all reasons for Westward Expansion.
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availability
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Immigration and natural growth increased Eastern population, agricultural lands occupied. ______ in the South limited work opportunity
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Slaves
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The _______________ included government agents ("factors") supplying the tribes with goods at cost, created a system of dependency that controlled the tribes.
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“factor system”
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Migrants journeyed westward in groups, some formed communities and schools, churches, other institutions. _______ was a large part of life.
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Mobility
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___________ of the Southwest lands could support thriving cotton.
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Black Belt
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First arrivals were small farmers, wealthier planters followed buying and clearing smaller lands. Brought with them slaves, eventually emergence of a newly _________.
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rich class
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Rapid growth resulted in new ______ after the War of 1812: Indiana, Mississippi, Illinois, Alabama.
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states
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Mexico (controlled Texas, CA, Southwest) won independence from Spain 1821, opened territories to ______ in order to grow their fortunes.
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trade
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_________________ offered American manufactured goods for sale in Mexico.
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William Becknell
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___________________________ extended trade operations to the Rockies.
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Jacob Astor’s American Fur Company
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Instead of pelts from _______, fur traders increasingly trapped their own.
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Indians
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Trappers (______________) first of white movement, changed society by interacting with Indians and Mexicans.
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“mountain men”
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Andrew and William Ashley founded the _____________________, recruited trappers to live permanently in Rockies.
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Rocky Mountain Fur Company
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________________ was a fur trapper that did not live peacefully with Indians and Mexicans.
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Jedediah S. Smith
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Lives of trappers bound up with expanding market economy - relied on fur companies for credit, depended on Eastern __________ for livelihood.
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merchants
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The people in the _____ were only dimly aware of trappers’ world and their reshaping of it.
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East
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____________ was sent by War Department to explore, wrote influential report with dismissive conclusions for future settlements (similar to Zebulon Pike).
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Steven H. Long
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Explorers dispatched by US govt to chart _________.
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territories
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The ______________ was when presidency was held by all Virginia officials.
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Virginia Dynasty
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__________, Madison’s Sec of State, was elected Republican president 1816.
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James Monroe
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Federalist decline, republican party faced no serious opposition, after War of 1812 there was no serious _____________ threat.
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international
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Monroe wanted a republic without _______ factions.
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partisan
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For Secretary of State, Monroe chose New Englander and former federalist, _________________.
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John Quincy Adams
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After election national ________________, Monroe was re-elected 1820 without any opposition.
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goodwill tour
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Monroe took pains to _______ northerners, southerners, easterners, westerners, Federalists and Republicans in the Cabinet.
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include
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John Quincy Adams was a committed nationalist, important task promotion of American ____________.
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expansion
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Quincy Adams began negotiations with Spanish minister __________.
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Lius de Onis
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American commander in Florida, Andrew Jackson, used orders from Sec of War (Calhoun) to invade Florida to stop Indian raids—known as ___________. Adams wanted to use as excuse to annex.
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Seminole war
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__________________ of 1819 ceded Florida and lands north of 42nd parallel to US, US gave up Texas claims.
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Adams-Onis Treaty
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Panic followed period of high foreign demand for US goods, rising prices had stimulated __________ in western US. Availability for easy credit to settlers and speculators- from govt, state and wildcat banks.
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land boom
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1819 management at Bank of US tightened credit, led to series of state bank failures, led to financial panic - those in ____ blamed it on bank.
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West
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Missouri applied for statehood, although slavery already established, NY Rep _________________’s Amendment gradual emancipation - controversial.
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James Tallmadge
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Compromise in Maine-Missouri Bill, known as the _____________________, made Missouri a slave state and Maine a free state.
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Missouri Compromise
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_________________ proposed an amendment prohibiting slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Territory north of the southern boundary of Missouri.
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Jesse B. Thomas
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John Marshall chief justice from 1801-1835. Strengthened judicial system at ________ of executive and legislature, increased fed power over states, advanced interest of propertied and commercial classes
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expense
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_______________ (1810) which held GA legislature could not repeal contract acts of previous legislature.
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Fletcher v. Peck
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____________________________ (1819) - charter about colleges vs state, charters by colonial govt are valid.
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Dartmouth College v. Woodward
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“Implied powers” of Congress upheld in _________________ (1819) by upholding Bank of United States, attorney Daniel Webster argued establishment legal under “necessary and proper” clause, power to tax involved “power to destroy”. States therefore could not tax now-legal Bank.
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McCulloch v Maryland
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Strengthened Congress’s power to regulate interstate commerce in _______________ (1824).
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Gibbons v Ogden
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Fed govt gave license to Thomas Gibbons for steamboat transport btwn NY and NJ even though NY state had granted Aaron _____ monopoly.
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Ogden
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______________ decisions with Natives carved out position for Native Americans within the constitutional structure.
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Marshall court
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____________________ (1825) Marshall described the basic right of Natives to tribal lands that preceded all other American law. Individual Americans could not buy or take land from tribes, only fed govt could do that.
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Johnson v McIntosh
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_____________________ (1832) - invalidated law to regulate citizen access to Cherokee lands. Only fed govt had power to do that, tribes described as sovereign entities with exclusive authority and territorial boundaries.
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Worchester (Cheroke) v Georgia
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The Marshall court did this:
- strengthened ___________ class - promoted economic growth - promoted power of national govt over ________. |
commercial, states
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US developed profitable trade with __________ rivaling GB as principal trading pattern.
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Latin America
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The ________________ was written mostly by John Quincy Adams.
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Monroe Doctrine
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The Monroe Doctrine established the idea that the United States was the dominant power in the __________________.
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Western Hemisphere
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Monroe Doctrine said:
- no more ____________ in the Americas - US wont interfere with existing colonies - US would stay out of Europe (isolationism). |
colonization, isolationism
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Republican caucus nominated _______________ of Georgia for presidency, but other candidates received nominations from state legislatures.
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William Crawford
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1824 election candidates:
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William Crawford ,John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson
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Henry Clay's _______________ was created to strengthen home industry and National Bank.
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“American System”
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________ received more popular and electoral votes tan other candidates but not majority.
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Jackson
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John Quincy Adams was elected ________.
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president
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Southerners in Congress blocked delegates to international conference called by ______________ in Panama in 1826 because Haiti was sending black delegates.
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Simon Bolivar
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Georgia wished to remove remaining Creek and Cherokee Indians from state to gain more land for cotton planters. Adams refused to enforce treaty made btwn Indians + Georgia. Governor _____ president and proceeded w/ removal
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defied
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Adams supported tariff on imported goods 1828 b/c NE textile manufacturers complained of competition, signed hated by all, called __________________.
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“tariff of abominations”
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Jackson believed victory similar to _________’s 1800 win.
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Jefferson
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