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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Indians of the Americas began as
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a homogenious group but over thousands of years they diversified into hundreds of distinct cultures and languages
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North america's connection with England
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gave them what unity they could sustain
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Demographic Differences
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Life expectancy, ration of men to women and family structure
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Carribean Demograhic differenced
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all male, multi-ethica, beccaneering societies living for plunder; in the sugar colonies men often died by 40, slaves sooner; when families did emergy, smalled number of children
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As colonies shifted farther north
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life expectancy rose, families were larger and social structure changed
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Race/ Ethnicity of West Indies
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predominantly African w/ a controlling European minority
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1730s Virginia
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alsomst 40% African slaves, Delaware and Hudson Valleys mostly white but NY and NJ deeply entrenched in slavery
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Race/Ethnicity/ Economy of Middle Atlantic Region
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Settlers from all over northwestern Europe (England Germany Netherlands Scotland Sweden) were creating a new ethnic mosaic, NJ Penn
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English colonists were a minority, outnumbered by
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Dutch, then Germans, scots and Irish
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The Farther south one whent
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the more diverse the population
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Slavery and Staple Crops
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Sugar, rice and tobacco
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Farming went with
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family labor
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Wheat Belt
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Middle Atlantic colonies
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1693: founding of
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college of William and Mary; Chesapeake area; Latin Grammer school founded in Annapolis
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1636: Founding of
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Harvard College in Massachusetts
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1642: Education
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Requiered every town to have a writing school and larger towns to support a Latin grammer school in order to trustrate 'ye olde deluder, Satan'
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Jesuits founded a 'Collge' in
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Quebec
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Secular Functions
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relief for the poor
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Chesapeake colonies government
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Primarily counties and later townships
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New England Governments
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township; counties were created later; towns large enough to support more than one church also adopted the parish system; most English of all colonies
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West Indian Governments
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royal governmnets by the 1660's
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Proprietary forms
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dominated the mainland south of New England except Virgina
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Patterns of Mainland Inheritance
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women could sometimes inherit property, land divided between all sons
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Primogeniture
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one son gets all the lanf
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1640's were a time of
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chaos for england; relized colonies brought few benehits
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West Indian Governments
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royal governmnets by the 1660's
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Proprietary forms
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dominated the mainland south of New England except Virgina
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Patterns of Mainland Inheritance
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women could sometimes inherit property, land divided between all sons
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Primogeniture
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one son gets all the lanf
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1640's were a time of
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chaos for england; relized colonies brought few benehits
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Royal power collapsed in the
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1640s; The Dutch taking advantage of England's charos helped finance the SUGAR REVOLUTION in Barbadoes seized control of trade
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1650
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most sugar and tobacco exports were going to Amsterdam, not london
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Indians who wanted to drive out Europeans
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Miantonomo and Opechancanough
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1643-1647
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Iroquois nearly wiped out New france; Alogonquians almost destroyed New Netherland; Susqquehannock nearly wipe out Maryland
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Miantonomo
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sachem of the Narragansetts, called for a war of extermination against settlers, to be launched in the 1643 by suprise attack; abandoned plans when settlers found out
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New England Confederation
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New England, Massachusetts, Plymough, Connecticut and New Haven, created defense allance in 1643; persuaded Mohegans to kill Miantonomo
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1650
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Debris of civil war was cleared away and the extent of the Dutch commerical domination became obvious to English
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Mercantilism
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the belief that power of a state depends on its economy more than on armies or the silver or gold that paid for them
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Mercantilists believed that
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power dervied from the wealth of a country that increase of wealth required vigorous trade and that colonies were essenial to that growth
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From perspective of the english, the _____ had to control the commerce
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State
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Dutch Favored
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virtual free trade
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England preferred
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some kind of state regulation of the domestic and imperial economy
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Catholic and Protestant wars killed
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1/3 german population
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As time passed, statesmen began to look favorably upon
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greed
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The pursuit of flory or love inspires
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intense but unpredictable activity, however greed fosters predictable behavior, namely the pursuit of self interest
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Early mercantilists assumed that there was a
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fixed supply of wealth in the world
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The Growth of trade might
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multiply the wealth of the entire world, with all nations benefiting
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Mecantilism was a
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major breakthough toward modernity
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________ by contrast, marked a revolution of human imagination precisely because it could envision endless progress
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mercantilism
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First Navigation act
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english mercants all agreed a nations wealth depended on its balance of trade, that a healthy nation should export more than it imports and that the difference, or balance should be converted into military strength
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Early mercantilists assumed that there was a
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fixed supply of wealth in the world
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The Growth of trade might
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multiply the wealth of the entire world, with all nations benefiting
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Mecantilism was a
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major breakthough toward modernity
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________ by contrast, marked a revolution of human imagination precisely because it could envision endless progress
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mercantilism
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First Navigation act
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english mercants all agreed a nations wealth depended on its balance of trade, that a healthy nation should export more than it imports and that the difference, or balance should be converted into military strength
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After 30 years war ends
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protestant allies Sweden, Netherlands and England no longer had reason to fight
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NA- 1650
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Parliment bans foreign ships from English colonies
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NA- 1651
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Paliament passes the first navigation act
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Details of First Navigation Act
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Asian or African goods could be imported into the British Isles or colonies only in English owned ships; master of the ship and half the crew must be english; european goods could be imported into britian or colonies, butcould not be foreign
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Barbados greeted the Navigation Acts by problaiming
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virtual independence
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1654- Oliver Cromwell
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Sends Parliament home, makes peace with the dutch
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1660 New Royalist Parliament
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Under Charles II; Invalidates all legislation passed during the commonwealth period, however, the cavaliets quickly reenaced and extended the orginal Narvigation Act
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Navigation Act of 1660
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Required all colonial trade be carried on English Ships; master of the shop and 3/4 crew had to be English
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Enumerated Commodities
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sugar and tobacco; permitted these products to be shipped from the colny only to england or another english colony
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Staple Act of 1663
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Parliament regulars the good going to the colonies; with few exceptions, products from Europe, Asia or Africa had to lang in England before they could go to the colonies
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Plantation uty Act of 1673
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required captains of colonial ships to post bond in the colonies that they would deliver all enumerated commoditites
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