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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Occipital belly
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origin: occipital bone
insertion: epicranial aponeurosis |
action: retracts scalp; wrinkles skin of neck
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Frontal belly/frontalis
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origin: epicranial aponeurosis
insertion: skin of eyebrows; bridge of nose |
action: eyebrows up, wrinkles forehead
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Orbicularis oculi
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origin: mainly frontal bone
insertion: skin around eyelids |
action: close eyelids (squint, blink)
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Orbicularis oris
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origin: maxillary bone and mandible
insertion: lips |
action: close/protrude lips (speak, kiss)
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Buccinator
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origin: maxillary bone and mandible
insertion: muscle fibers of orbicularis oris |
action: compress cheeks (blow, whistle)
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Zygomaticus major
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origin: zygomatic bone
insertion: ipsilateral angle of mouth |
action: retract + elevate lateral corners of mouth (joker's smile)
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Zygomaticus minor
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origin: zygomatic bone
insertion: ipsilateral upper lip |
action: raise upper lip (minor-higher)
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depressor anguli oris
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origin: mandible
insertion: skin from ipsilateral angle of mouth |
action: depress angle of mouth
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mentalis
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origin: mandible
insertion: skin of chin |
action: protrude lower lip; wrinkle skin on chin
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masseter
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origin: temporal + zygomatic bones
insertion: mandible |
action: elevate mandible to close jaw; protrude mandible
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temporalis
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origin: mainly temporal bone
insertion: mandible |
action: elevate mandible to close jaw; retrude mandible
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sternocleidomastoid
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origin: sternum- manubrium + clavicle
insertion: temporal bone + occipital bone |
action: flexion and lateral flexion of neck; rotate head so that face is turned superiorly & to opposite side
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rectus abdominis
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origin: pubis of os coxae
insertion: sternum- xiphoid process; ribs (5-7) |
action: flexion of vertebral column; stabilize pelvis during walking; increase intraabdominal pressure during forced expiration or...
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external abdominal oblique
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origin: ribs (4-12)
insertion: linea alba and os coxae (pubis, ilium) |
action: rotation and lateral flexion of trunk; increase intraabdominal pressure
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internal abdominal oblique
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origin: thoracolumbar fascia and os coxae (iliac crest) and inguinal ligament
insertion: linea alba and os coxae (pubis) and ribs (9/10 to 12) |
action: rotation and lateral flexion of trunk; increase intraabdominal pressure
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transversus abdominis
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origin: thoracolumbar fascia; os coxae (iliac crest); inguinal ligament; ribs (6-12)
insertion: linea alba and os coxae (pubis) |
action: increase intraabdominal pressure
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what is the linea alba?
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a midline dense fibrous cord that separates the 2 rectus abdominis muscles, where other abdominal muscles insert themselves
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what is the thoracolumbar?
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syn. lumbodorsal fascia; a broad sheet of dense regular fibrous tissue covering deep back muscles in the thoracic and lumbar regions
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what is the rectus sheath?
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a broad sheet of sense regular fibrous tissue formed by the aponeuroses of the abdominal oblique muscles, which encloses the rectus abdominis
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what are the three muscles of the erector spinae?
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1. spinalis (cervicis, thoracis)
2. longissimus (capitis, cervicis, thoracis) 3. iliocostalis (cervicis, thoracis, lumbar) |
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what is the origin and action of the erector spinae and all its parts?
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origin: thoracolumbar fascia; sacrum; os coxae (iliac crest); vertebrae (T11-L5)
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action: extension of vertebral column and head; lateral flexion of vertebral column and head; maintain normal curvature of vertebral column
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Pectoralis major
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origin: clavicle; sternum; ribs 1-6
insertion: humerus |
action: flexion, medial rotation, and adduction of the arm
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pectoralis minor
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origin: ribs 3-5
insertion: scapula (coracoid process) |
action: depression and inferior rotation of scapula
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serratus anterior
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origin: ribs 1-8
insertion: scapula (medial border) |
action: protraction and superior rotation of scapula against thoracic wall
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latissimus dorsi
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origin: vertebrae T6-T12; thoracolumbar fascia; ribs 10-12
insertion: humerus |
action: extension, adduction and bedial rotation of arm
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trapezius
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origin: occipital bone; ligamentum nuchae; vertebrae T1-T12
insertion: clavicle (lateral); scapula (acromion and spine) |
action:
-superior fibers: elevate scapula -middle fibers: retract scapula -inferior fibers: depress scapula |
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deltoid
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origin: clavicle (lateral) and scappula (acromion and spine)
insertion: humerus (deltoid tuberosity) |
action:
-anterior fibers: medial rotation, flexion of arm -middle fibers: abduction of arm -posterior fibers: lateral rotation, arm extension -anterior & posterior fibers together: adduct arm |
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levator scapulae
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origin: vertebrae C1-C4 (transverse process)
insertion: scapula |
action: elevate scapula; act with pectoralis minor to inferiorly rotate scapula
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rhomboids (minor and major)
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origin: minor- ligamentum nuchae and vertebrae C7,T1
major- vertebrae T2-T5 insertion: scapula |
action: can elevate and retract scapula; act with pectoralis minor to inferiorly rotate scapula
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supraspinatus
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origin: scapula (supraspinous fossa)
insertion: humerus (greater tubercle) |
action: rotator cuff muscle; abduction of arm
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infraspinatus
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origin: scapula (infraspinous fossa)
insertion: humerus (greater tubercle) |
action: rotator cuff muscle; lateral rotation of arm
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biceps brachii (long and short head)
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origin:
long head- scapula (superior of glenoid fossa) short head- scapula (coracoid process) insertion: radius (radial tuberosity) |
action: flexion and supination of forearm; flexion of arm
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brachialis
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origin: humerus (anterior surface)
insertion: ulna (coronoid process) |
action: flexion of forearm
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coracobrachialis
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origin: scapula, coracoid process
insertion: humerus (medial surface) |
action: flexion and adduction of arm
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what are the three parts of the triceps brachii and their origins?
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long head: scapula (inferior of glenoid fossa)
lateral head: humerus (posterior surface) medial head: humerus (posterior surface) |
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traceps brachii insertion and action?
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insertion: ulna (olecranon process)
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action: extension of forearm; the long head also extends and adducts the arm
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pronator teres
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origin: humerus (medially) and ulna (coronoid process)
insertion: radius (lateral surface) |
action: pronation and flexion of the forearm
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flexor carpi radialis
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origin: humerus
insertion: metacarpal 2 (base) |
action: flexion and abduction of the wrist
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palmaris longus
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origin: humerus
insertion: flexor retinaculum |
action: flexion of the wrist
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flexor carpi ulnaris
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origin: humerus and ulna
insertion: carpal bones and metacarpal V |
action: flexion and adduction of the wrist
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what is the carpal tunnel?
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an important connective tissue in the forearm; a tunnel consisting of the carpal bones for floor and the flexor retinaculum for roof
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what is the flexor retinaculum?
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an important connective tissue in the forearm; a thick, dense fibrous connective tissue band that stretches over the bony concavity of the inner wrist
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brachioradialis
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origin: humerus
insertion: radius |
action: flexion of forearm
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extensor carpi radialis longus
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origin: humerus
insertion: metacarpal 2 |
action: extension and abduction of the wrist
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extensor carpi radialis brevis
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origin: humerus
insertion: metacarpal 3 |
action: extension and abduction of the wrist
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extensor digitorum
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origin: humerus
insertion: metacarpals 1,2,3,4 |
action: extension of wrist and fingers
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extensor carpi ulnaris
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origin: humerus and ulna
insertion: metacarpal 5 |
action: extension of the 5th digit only
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what is the extensor retinaculum?
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a thick, dense fibrous connective tissue band that stretches posteriorly across the carpal bones, creating roof for tunnels
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gluteus maximus
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origin: os coxae- ilium
sacrum insertion: iliotibial tract and femur (gluteal tuberosity) |
action: extension and lateral rotation of thigh; powerful extensors (to climb, run); stabilize pelvis and thighs when standing erect
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what is the iliotibial tract?
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a thick band of deep facsia that runs along the lateral thigh
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what are the five parts of the quadriceps femoris?
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1. rectus femoris
2. vastus lateralis 3. vastus medialis 4. vastus intermedius 5. tensor fasciae latae |
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rectus femoris
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origin: os cozae-ilium
insertion: patella and tibia |
action: extension of the leg; flexion of thigh
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vastus lateralis
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origin: femur (greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera)
insertion: patella and tibia |
action: extension of leg
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vastus medialis
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origin: femur (medial lip of linea aspera)
insertion: patella and tibia |
action: extension of leg
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vastus intermedius
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origin: femur (intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera)
insertion: patella and tibia |
action: extension of leg
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tensor fasciae latae
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origin: os coxae- ilium (anterosuperior iliac spine)
insertion: iliotibial tract |
action: flexion, abduction, and medial rotation of thigh; stabilize trunk on thighs when standing
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adductor longus
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origin: os coxae- pubis
insertion: femur (linea aspera) |
action: adduction and flexion of thigh
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what are the two parts of the adductor magnus?
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1. adductor part
2. hamstring part |
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Adductor magnus- adductor part
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origin: os coxae- pubis and ischium
insertion: femur (gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera) |
action: adduction and flexion of the thigh
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Adductor magnus- hamstring part
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origin: os cozae- ischium
insertion: femur (adductor tubercle) |
action: extension of thigh
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adductor brevis
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origin: os coxae- pubis
insertion: femur (linea aspera) |
action: adduction and flexion of thigh
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gracilis
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origin: os coxae- pubic
insertion: tibia (near knee joint) |
action: adduction of thigh; flexion and medial rotation of leg
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semitendinosus
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origin: os coxae- ischium
insertion: tibia (near knee joint) |
action: extension of the thigh; flexion of leg
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semimembranosus
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origin: os coxae- ischium
insertion: tibia |
action: extension of the thigh; flexion of leg
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biceps femoris (long and short head)
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origin: long- os coxae=ischium; short- femur
insertion: fibula |
action: extension of thigh; flexion of leg
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tibialis anterior
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origin: tibia and interosseous membrane
insertion: tarsal bone and metatarsal 1 |
action: dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot
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fibularis (peroneus) longus
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origin: fibula
insertion: tarsal bone and metatarsal 1 |
action: eversion of foot
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gastrocnemius (both lateral and medial head)
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origin: lateral- femur (lateral condyle); medial- femur (popliteal surface)
insertion: calcaneus bone by the calcaneal (Achilles) tendon |
action: plantar flexion of foot; flexion of leg
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what is the calcaneal (achilles) tendon?
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the tendons of the gastrocnemius and the soleus combine to form this large band of regular dense fibrous tissue inserting on the calcaneus
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soleus
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origin: fibula
insertion: calcaneus bone by the calcaneal (achilles) tendon |
action: plantar flexion of foot
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