Back Muscles- Origin And Insertion

Front 1

Upper Trapezius

Back 1

Origin-
medial 1/3 superior nuchal line
external occipital protuberance
ligament nuchae
SP C7

Insertion-
posterior border lateral 1/3 of clavicle

Front 2

Middle Trapezius

Back 2

Origin-
SP T1-T6
Supraspinous ligaments

Insertion-
medial border acromium process
superior lip of spine of scapula

Front 3

Lower Trapezius

Back 3

Origin-
SP T7--T12
supraspinous ligaments

Insertion-
triangular area medial to base of spine of scapula

Front 4

Latissimus dorsi (origin only)

Back 4

Origin-
SP T7-T12
lumbar SP
median sacral crest
supraspinous ligaments
posterior iliac crest via the posterior layer thoracolumbar fascia
outer lip of post iliac crest lateral to erector spinae
muscular slips to ribs 9-12

Front 5

Latissimus dorsi (insertion only)

Back 5

Insertion-
floor of bicipital (intertubercular) groove

Front 6

Rhomboid major

Back 6

origin-
SP T2-T5

Insertion-
medial border of scapula b/t root of spine & inferior border

Front 7

Rhomboid minor

Back 7

Origin-
SP C7 & SP T1
lower ligament nuchae

Insertion-
medial border of scapula at level of root of spine

Front 8

Levator Scapulae

Back 8

Origin-
TP C1-C4
posterior tubercles of TP C3 & C4

Insertion-
medial border of scapula, b/t superior angle and root of spine

Front 9

Serratus posterior superior

Back 9

Origin-
by thin aponeurosis to C7-T3 SPs
and their supraspinous ligaments

Insertion-
Ribs 2-5 along their superior border
external surfaces lateral to their angles

Front 10

Serratus posterior inferior

Back 10

Origin-
By thin aponeurosis to T11-L2 SPs and their supraspinous ligaments

Insertion-
Ribs 9-12 along their inferior borders
external surfaces anterolateral to their angles

Front 11

Splenius Capitus

Back 11

Origin-
lower 1/2 ligament nuchae
SP C7-T3/T4 and their supraspinous ligaments

Insertion-
mastoid process
rough surface below lateral 1/3 superior nuchal line

Front 12

Splenius cervicis

Back 12

Origin-
SP T3-T6

Insertion-
Posterior tubercles of TP C1-C2/C3
(ant to attachment of levator scapulae)

Front 13

Iliocostalis cervicis

Back 13

Origin-
Ribs 3-6 at angles

Insertion-
posterior tubercles on TP C4-C6

Front 14

Iliocostalis thoracis

Back 14

Origin-
Lower 6 ribs at angles

Upper 6 ribs at angles
posterior portion of C7 TP

Front 15

Iliocostalis lumborum

Back 15

Origin-
Common tendon
median sacral crest
Sp T11, T12, L1-L5 and their supraspinous ligaments
medial aspect of posterior iliac crest

Insertion-
Lower 6-7 ribs at the angles
Insertion-

Front 16

Longissimus capitus

Back 16

Origin-
TP's of T1-T4/5
Articular processes C4/5-C7

Insertion-
mastoid process at posterior margin

Front 17

Longissimus Cervicis

Back 17

Origin-
TP's of T1-T4(5)

Insertion-
TP's of C2-C6 at posterior tubercles

Front 18

Longissimus thoracis

Back 18

Origin-
lumbar region via common tendon
posterior aspect of lumbar TP's
middle layer of thoracolumbar fascia

Insertion-
tips of T1-T12 TP's
lower 9-10 ribs b/t tubercles and angles

Front 19

Spinalis capitus

Back 19

Origin-
blends with semispinalis capitis

Insertion-
none

Front 20

Spinalis Cervicis

Back 20

Origin-
Lower ligament nuchae
SP C7

Insertion-
SP C2

Front 21

Spinalis Thoracis

Back 21

Origin-
SP's of T11-L2

Insertion-
SP's of T1-T4

Front 22

Semispinalis Capitus

Back 22

Origin-
TP's C7-T6
articular processes of C4-C6

Insertion-
medial area b/t superior and inferior nuchal lines

Front 23

Semispinalis cervicis

Back 23

Origin-
TP's of T1-T5

Insertion-
SP's C2-C5

Front 24

Semispinalis thoracis

Back 24

Origin-
TP's of T6-T10

Insertion-
SP's of C6-T4

Front 25

Multifidus (origin only)

Back 25

Origin-
Dorsal surf of sacrum
aponeurosis of erector spinae
PSIS
dorsal SI ligaments
all lumbar mamillary processes
all thoracic TP's

Front 26

Multifidus (insertion only)

Back 26

Insertion-
SP of a more superior located vertebrate

Front 27

Short Rotatores
(Lumborum, thoracis and cervicis)

Back 27

Origin-
Upper posterior portion of TP's in each region (most dev. in thoracic)

Insertion-
lower border and lateral surface of vertebrate immediately superior to it

Front 28

Long Rotatores
(Lumborum, thoracis and cervicis)

Back 28

Origin-
upper posterior portion of the TP's in each region (most dev. in thoracic)

Insertion-
lower border and lateral surface of the lamina of the vertebrae 2 vertebral levels superior to it

Front 29

Interspinales Cervical region

Back 29

Origin-
6 pairs starting b/t SP C2 and C3, ending b/t SP C7-T1

Insertion-
Inferior surface of SP immediately superior to it

Front 30

Interspinales thoracic region

Back 30

Origin-
2-3 pairs b/t T1 and T2, sometimes b/t T2 & T3, and b/t T11 & T12

Insertion-
Inferior surface of SP immediately superior to it

Front 31

Interspinales lumbar region

Back 31

Origin-
4 pairs b/t the 5 lumbar vertebrae

Insertion-
Inferior surface of SP immediately superior to it

Front 32

Intertransversarii cervical

Back 32

Origin-
7 pairs starting b/t lateral mass C1 to TP C2 and ending b/t C7 & T1

Insertion-
Inferior surface of superior TP

Front 33

Intertransversarii thoracic

Back 33

Origin-
4 pairs that exist b/t last 3 thoracic and 1st lumbar vertebrae

Insertion-
Inferior surface of superior TP

Front 34

Intertransversarii lumbar

Back 34

Origin-
2 sets

Insertion-
Inferior surface of superior TP

Front 35

Rectus capitus posterior major

Back 35

Origin-
SP of C2

Insertion-
lateral portion of inferior nuchal line & occipital bone inferior to it

Front 36

Rectus capitus posterior minor

Back 36

Origin-
Posterior tubercle C1

Insertion-
medial portion of inferior nuchal line & occipital bone b/t it and foramen magnum

Front 37

Obliquus capitus inferior

Back 37

Origin-
SP of C2 along lateral portion
lamina of C2

Insertion-
TP of C1 at its inferoposterior aspect

Front 38

Obliquus capitus superior

Back 38

Origin-
TP C1 at upper surface

Insertion-
occiput bone b/t inferior & superior nuchal lines, lateral to semispinalis, overlapping DA of rectus capitus posterior major