Ap Bio Ch16 Vocab

Front 1

Phages

Back 1

A virus that is parasitic in bacteria and reproduces until the bacterium is destroyed.

Front 2

Double Helix

Back 2

A pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis, such as the structure or a DNA molecule.

Front 3

Semiconservative Model

Back 3

Type of DNA replication in which the replicated double helix consists of one old strand, derived from the old molecule, and one newly made strand.

Front 4

Origins of Replication

Back 4

A particular sequence in a genome at which replication is initiated.

Front 5

Replication Fork

Back 5

Y-shaped regions of replicating DNA molecules where new strands are growing.

Front 6

DNA Polymerase

Back 6

The enzyme that links the complementary nucleotides together to form the newly synthesized strand.

Front 7

Leading Strand

Back 7

DNA strand that is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction (towards the fork).

Front 8

Lagging Strand

Back 8

DNA strand that is discontinuously synthesized in the 3' to 5' direction.

Front 9

DNA Ligase

Back 9

Linking enzyme that catalyzes the formation of cavalent bonds between the Okazaki fragments and the growing chain.

Front 10

Primer

Back 10

A strand of nucleic acid that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis.

Front 11

Helicase

Back 11

Enzyme that unwinds the double helix the expose the template.

Front 12

Mismatch Repair

Back 12

A system for recognizing and repairing incorrect insertions, deletions and mis-incorporations of bases that can arise during DNA replication and recombination.

Front 13

Nuclease

Back 13

An enzyme that cleaves the chains of nucleotides in nucleic acids into smaller units.

Front 14

Excision Repair

Back 14

Repair of damaged DNA by removal of the damaged segment of DNA and its replacement with a newly synthesized correct segment.

Front 15

Primase

Back 15

An enzyme that joins RNA nucleotides to make the primer.