Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what is the difference between metabolism and digestion
|
metabolism comprises all of the chemical reactions preformed within the body digestion is only the breakdown of the food within the GI tract |
|
|
what is least involved in digestion/absorption of nutrients
|
esophagus
|
|
|
the role of bile in the digestive system is best described as
|
lipid emulsification
|
|
|
a doctor is consulting a patient that recently has had their gallbladder removed. what would the patient's body have trouble doing after surgery
|
storing bile
|
|
|
a ruptured appendix is life threatening because
|
it is likely to cause massive infection of the abdominopelvic cavity
|
|
|
the 3 parts of gastric juice are
|
HCI juice mucus pepsinogen (pepsin) |
|
|
the forms of each food group that are absorbed by the small intestine are
|
proteins as amino acids carbohydrates as glucose fats as fatty acids and glycerol |
|
|
how does the somach protect itself
|
pepsin released in an inactive form (pepsinogen) mucus released gastric juice only released when needed |
|
|
what is true about the structure of sphincters
|
they are circular bands of muscle
|
|
|
where can sphincters be found in the GI tract
|
between esophagus and stomach between stomach and small intestine between small intestine and large intestine ***not between mouth and esophagus |
|
|
what is true about deglutition (swallowing)
|
the voluntary phase takes places within mouth the involuntary phase takes place in esophagus mouth, pharynx, and esophagus all takes part |
|
|
some antacid drugs cause reduction of the production and excretion of stomach acid. these drugs have the biggest effect on
|
parietal cells
|
|
|
the hormones secretin secreted by the small intestine
|
slow the activities of the stomach and stomach secretions
|
|
|
the hormone gastrin (from stomach) |
increases secretions of gastric juice closes cardic sphincter opens pyloric sphincter |
|
|
the chemical and mechanical processes of food breakdown are called
|
digestion
|
|
|
when we use chemical (enzymes) to break things down its called
|
chemical digestion
|
|
|
what are the processes of the digestive system
|
ingestion movement defecation |
|
|
the 2 layer covering of the digestion tract is called
|
peritoneum
|
|
|
the coverings of the jejunum and ileum are known as
|
mesenteries
|
|
|
4 basic layers of gastrintestional organs from OUTSIDE to INSIDE are
|
serose muscularis submucosa mucosa |
|
|
what part of tooth is the covering and the hardest part
|
enamel
|
|
|
most of the absorption in the body occurs in the
|
small intestine
|
|
|
what is true about salvia
|
contains enzymes that beins the breakdown of carbohydrates moistens food and acids in compacting of the bolus cleanses the mouth |
|
|
the bolus is liquefied in the ______ and is now called chyme
|
stomach
|
|
|
pepsinogen, an inactive digestive enzyme, is secreted by the
|
chief cells of stomach
|
|
|
you have just eaten a meal high in proteins. which of the following enzymes will help you digest the meal?
|
trypsin
|
|
|
the opening in the back of the small intestine that allow bile and pancreatic juice from the liver and pancreas respectively, to enter is the
|
hepatopancreatic ampulla
|
|
|
hepatocytes (liver cells) do not
|
produce digestive enzymes
|
|
|
the _____ contains lobules that lead to central vein and portal triads
|
liver
|
|
|
digestion and absorption of ____ would be affected most if the liver were severly damaged
|
lipids
|
|
|
what are the stages that the stomach controls secretions
|
cephalic (before) gastric (during) intestinal (after) |
|
|
what is the essential role played by the large intestine
|
final absorption of water
|
|
|
what types of papillae on the tongue allow it to be rough
|
filiform
|
|
|
in order for something to be tasted what needs to be happens
|
tasted buds water in saliva smell from nose |
|
|
a child who is having trouble moving their tounge may have surgery that involves cutting of the
|
lingual frenulum
|
|
|
where is the pyloric sphincter found
|
between the stomach and small intestine
|
|
|
where is the epipelagic appendages found
|
on the outside of the large intestine
|
|
|
what is the major means of propulsion through the GI tract
|
peristalsis
|
|
|
the pancreas has a part that produces ______ and a part that produces _________
|
hormones digestive enzymes |
|
|
what is another word for swallowing
|
deglutition
|
|
|
Severe diarrhea can occur when feces moves thru large intestine
|
too fast
|
|
|
Constipation can occur when feces moves thru large intestine
|
too slow
|
|
|
soft palate composes the
|
the back part of the roof of the mouth
|
|
|
hard palate composes the
|
front part of the roof of the mouth
|
|
|
when swallowing the epiglottis covers the larynx and trachea to
|
protect it
|
|
|
What are the cause of most gastric ulcers |
excessive production of stomach acid stress genetics presence of bacteria in stomach |
|
|
what is the acid in the stomach
|
HCI acid
|
|
|
how are the front teeth
|
sharp
|
|
|
how are the back teeth
|
flat
|
|
|
When does absorption occur
|
when then materials move from the gi tract into blood
|
|
|
what does the muscularis mucosae layer of the GI tract do
|
weird layer makes structure like rugae in stomach |
|
|
what is a function of mucus
|
to line and protect inside of stomach
|
|
|
what do the intrinsic muscles of the tongue do
|
involved in speech
|
|
|
carboxypeptidose is an enzyme found in pancreatic juice that digests
|
proteins
|
|
|
with high density lipoproteins you want
|
high HDL and low LDL numbers
|
|
|
submucosa in small intestine secretes a very _____ fluid to help neutralize the material from the stomach
|
basic
|
|
|
how is hepatitis b spread
|
thru dirty needles and body piercings and can lead to liver cancer
|
|
|
how many adult teeth
|
32---molers come last
|
|
|
what is a disease of the liver that occurs when the liver is destroyed by long term alcohol abuse
|
cirrhosis
|
|
|
in the anus the internal sphincter is under
|
involuntary control
|
|
|
define flora
|
the term for the bacteria that normally live in our large intestine
|
|
|
define metabolism
|
all the chemical reations in the body
|
|
|
deinfe catabolism
|
reactions that break things down includes digestion |
|
|
define anabolism
|
all the chemical reactions that build things
|
|
|
what is the 5 steps (process) of digestion
|
ingestion-eat movement- peristalsis digestion- getting food in acceptable form absorption- absorb food in GI tract to blood, blood delivers defecation- removal of soild wastes |
|
|
how long is the the GI tube tract
|
30 ft tibe
|
|
|
what are the accessory organs of the GI tract
|
teeth tongue salivary glands liver pancreas gallbladder |
|
|
type of tissues used in mucosa layer
|
epithelial tisses
|
|
|
type of tissues used insubmucosa
|
connective tissue
|
|
|
type of tissues used inmuscularis
|
muscle layer skeletal muscle and smooth muscle |
|
|
type of tissues used inserosa
|
2 layer covering visceral layer- covers organ parietal layer- outer layer peritoneum |
|
|
What covers the deodenum
|
mesoduodenum
|
|
|
what covers the large intestine
|
mesocolon
|
|
|
What is the retroperitonal
|
things attached to the back wall of the body ex. kidneys |
