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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Indigenous People |
self-identified, common narrative and experience of past oppression within political locations, struggle for rights (territorial, autonomy, cultural distinctiveness, etc.) |
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Logic of Elimination |
The resource desired is land. Settlers now think that the indigenous are a threat to their new government and therefore push them out Three types: ethnocide, genocide, assimilation |
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Resistance |
An action taken by any disadvantaged group to counter any oppression they are facing 1. Direct Collective 2. Everyday Forms 3. Mental Shift |
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Applied Anthropology |
Uses the tools of the discipline to address practical problems (which may or may not have political implications) |
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Activist Anthropology |
More politically oriented, bridging theory and action with the idea that through politically engaged, ethical, relationships, we generate more and better theoretical insights. - In cooperation with a direct group of people - ethical/political issues (Foucault) |
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Panopticon (Jeremy Bentham) |
A design that allowed all inmates of the prison to observed by a single watchman without the inmates being able to tell whether or not they were being watched. The important aspect is the fact that inmates are not able to tell whether or not they are being observed so they have to assumed that they are being watched at all times. |
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Franchise Colonialism |
The political and social domination of a culturally unrelated group in a geographically distant territory - European colonialism |
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Schepper-Hughes |
- Postmodernity - Current social/political world has opened up flow of economic capital - Schepper examining the flow of organs and body parts for the transplant economy that has created a "black market" or medical bio-piracy. - Opens critical ethical questions about consent, especially for vulnerable poor and socially marginalized communities. |
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Modernity |
- Increasing secularism, industrialization and urbanization - In the context of Foucault's philosophy and how he sees the nature and forms of power changing in modernity. |
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Taboo |
Something set apart as sacred and off limits to ordinary people |
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Acculturation |
Changes in cultural patterns that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact - borrowing and adapting traits |
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Culture |
Integrated, shared, learned through enculturation, unconscious, arbitrary |
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Enculturation |
The process of "learning" a culture |
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First World |
Industrial societies that dominate economic patterns of the world (U.S., Japan, Australia, etc.) Also core societies |
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Second World |
Countries not quite as economically impactful as first world countries (Brazil, Poland, Russia) (communism)
Also semi-periphery countries |
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Third World |
Developing countries (Ethiopia, Haiti, etc.) Periphery countries |
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Fourth World |
Indigenous peoples in the first world who are marginalized (self-identified, common narrative of oppression, struggle for rights, specifics can vary) Ex: Hawaii |
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World Systems Theory |
- Developed by Wallerstein (core, periphery, etc) - There is a world economic system in which some countries benefit while others are exploited - response to earlier theories of a linear path |
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Immanuel Wallerstein |
- World Systems Theory - America is the dominant core power |
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Settler Colonialism |
Western-European forms of colonialism, but for permanent settling - primary extraction is land, not raw materials - new labor + logic of elimination - permanent |
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Ethnography |
Thick description of studied culture, including context |
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Participant-Observation |
The active participation of a researcher or observer in the lives of those being studied |
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Diaspora |
The offspring of an area who have spread to many lands (ex: slave trade) - not always negative - displaced involuntarily - scattered population |
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Etic |
Outsider perspective, objective |
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Emic |
Insider perspective, subjective |
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Fieldwork |
First hand immersion into a society to get a true view of that society and its people |
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Ethnocentrism |
Evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture. |
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Expressive Culture |
Art Discussed in terms of how do anthropologists look at art Any manifestation of the creative human expression (Ex: storytelling |
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Imperialism |
A policy of extending the rule of a nation or an empire over foreign nations or of taking and holding foreign colonies |
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Revitalization Movements |
Social movements that occur in times of change, in which religious leaders emerge and undertake to alter or revitalize a society. - societies lack the wealth to become like the domineering societies - produced by social change, changes society |
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Michael Foucault |
- Practices change through history - Psychological fear is a greater motivator than physical pain - The power of the people in charge is now less obvious - Power does not exist without knowledge - Relates to discipline, surveillance, and power/knowledge in society |
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Discipline (Foucault) |
Discipline is a mechanism of power that regulates the thought and behavior of social actors through subtle means. Surveillance = discipline |
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Normativity |
Creating a standard of behavior for particular groups of people |
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Indigenous Peoples |
Original inhabitants of a particular place - self-identified - have particular rights |
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Nationalism |
A complex, multidimensional concept involving a shared communal identification with one's nation. |
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State |
Complex sociopolitical system that administers a territory and populace with substantial contrasts in occupation, wealth, prestige, and power. A government. - Modern form of power |
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Surveillance |
Related to ideas of discipline and power expressed by Foucault and the panopticon |
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Folk Art |
Art of the common people for the common people |
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Folklore |
- Legends of the common people - A systematic study of tales, myths, and legends from a variety of cultures |
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Development |
The growth of countries or communities Earlier theories saw a linear path from less developed to more developed |
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Post-Modernity |
Condition of a world in flux, with people on the move, in which established groups, boundaries, identities, contrasts, and standards are reaching out and breaking down. |
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Resistance |
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Internal Pacification |
The way citizens have been trained to behave a certain way acceptable vs. unacceptable & deviancy vs. normality |
