Anthropology 2 Final

Front 1

Anthropology

Back 1

the study of human kind in all times and place

Front 2

Cultural Anthropology

Back 2

The study of human culture in diff. places, customary patterns in human behaviors

Front 3

Linguistics

Back 3

Language

Front 4

Ethnography

Back 4

detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork

Front 5

Holistic perspective

Back 5

fundamental principle of anthropology, that the various parts of culture must be viewed in that broadest possible context in order to understand their interconnections and interdependence

Front 6

Characteristics of Culture

Back 6

a set of learn behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, values, and ideas..

Front 7

Culture vs. Society

Back 7

culture is a the way you see things and how your brought up, while society is a group or people living in the same territory that share a common goal

Front 8

Sex vs. Gender

Back 8

Sex is what you are born with, and Genders is how you feel about yourself

Front 9

Enculturation

Back 9

Social learning process by which a society's culture is acquired by those who are born into it, as well, as those who become members of that society in other ways.

Front 10

Cultural change

Back 10

when one cultural adapts or take influence of another way or beliefs. it can be the cause of innovation, diffusion, and cultural loss

Front 11

Ethnocentrism

Back 11

beliefs that the ways of one's own culture are the only proper ones.

Front 12

Cultural relativity

Back 12

thesis that one must suspend judgment of other people's ideas and practices in order to understand them in their own cultural terms

Front 13

Phoneme

Back 13

smallest unit of diff. sounds but does not make any diff. in meaning

Front 14

Morpheme

Back 14

smallest units of sound that carry a meaning in language.

Front 15

code switching

Back 15

process of changing from one language or dialect to another

Front 16

Ethnoliguistic

Back 16

branch of linguistics that studies the relationship between language and culture

Front 17

Linguistic nationalism

Back 17

attempt by ethnic minorities and even countries to proclaim independence by purging their language of foreign terms

Front 18

Agents of enculturation

Back 18

to teach or adapt to ones culture

Front 19

Reciprocity

Back 19

Pay back system
-Balance=obligation to pay back in equal
-Negative=one side is trying to benefit
-Generalized= value is not calculated

Front 20

Function of Marriage

Back 20

Polygamy= multi spouses
Polyandry= Multi husbands
Polygyny= multi wives
same sex marriage= same parttners
levirate= brother marrieds his brother widow
Sororate= sister marrieds her sister's husband

Front 21

Conjugal bond

Back 21

bond between man and women who are married

Front 22

Cross-cousins

Back 22

Cousin Marriage where diff sex brother's w/ sister's kids

Front 23

Residence patterns after marriage

Back 23

Matrilocal=daughter stay son leaves
Patrilocal=son stay and daughter leaves
Avunculocal=bother leave the house hole but live by mother bro

Front 24

lineages

Back 24

corporate descent group a unified body or corps of consanguineal relatives who trace their genealogical links to a common ancestors

Front 25

Sanctions

Back 25

externalized social controls designed to encourage conformity to social norms

Front 26

Pantheon

Back 26

the several gods and goddesses of a people

Front 27

animism vs. animatism

Back 27

animism is closer to nature, supernatural being is closer to human, is animated
animatism has no face, supernatural power mana

Front 28

Clan

Back 28

consisting of several lineages, a clan is a noncorporate decent group whose members assume descent form a common ancestor

Front 29

Patrilineal
Matrilineal
Ambilineal

Back 29

P=frequent rule the son carries on the last name of the family
M=it the obsite of patrilineal wher ethe daughter carry on the name
A=affiliate an individual w/ kin related to him or her through men or women

Front 30

Moiety
Phratry

Back 30

M=each group that reults from a division of a society into two halves on the basis of descent
P=two or more clan, come from same lineage

Front 31

Imitative vs. contagious magic

Back 31

imitative is when the magic has the same result, where as contagious magic come in contact with that person

Front 32

Diffusion

Back 32

the spread of certain ideas

Front 33

Pantheons vs. Monotheism

Back 33

P=believes in many gods and goddess
M=believes in only one god

Front 34

Egalitarian societies

Back 34

societies where everyone has equal access to wealth and basic resource

Front 35

Stratified societies

Back 35

people are divided to classes, ranks into social tears.

Front 36

Innovation

Back 36

new ideas in culture changes gain acceptance
Primary I=compeletly new idea
Secondary I=modification of an existing idea

Front 37

Rites of passage

Back 37

ritual that mark important stages in an individual life cycle

Front 38

Art
verbal art

Back 38

A=creative use of human imagination
V=singing

Front 39

Culture bound

Back 39

theories about the world and reality based on the assumption and values of one
s own culture

Front 40

Unilineal descent

Back 40

descent that establishes group membership exclusively through either the male or female line

Front 41

Descent groups

Back 41

any publicly recognized social entity requiring lineal descent from a particular real or mythical ancestor for membership

Front 42

consanguine

Back 42

Relative by birth

Front 43

household

Back 43

home residential unit where economic production, consumption, inheritance, child rearing

Front 44

nuclear vs. extended

Back 44

N=group or family with one or more parents
E=many families that live in a house whole or resident

Front 45

age set vs. age grade

Back 45

Age set=people born during a certain time spans, more together
Age grade=organized category of people base on age

Front 46

political organization

Back 46

way power is distributed and embedded in society, means through which a society creates and maintain