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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the smallest unit of life?
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Cell
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What are 4 types of movement across the plasma membrane?
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1. Passive transport
2. Facilitated Diffusion 3. Diffusion 4. Osmosis |
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3 types of tonicity?
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1. Hypertonic
2. Hypotonic 3. Isotonic |
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The solute concentration is greater outside the cell; free water flows out of the cell.
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Hypertonic
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The solute concentation is greater inside the cell; free water flows into the cell.
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Hypotonic
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Division of the cell nucleus during mitosis.
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Karyokinesis
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Molecules, or portions of molecules, that interact with with water and charged particles.
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Hydrophillic
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Molecules, or portions of molecules, that interact only with nonpolar molecules.
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Hydrophobic
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A process of controlled cullular suicide; eliminates cells that are unneeded, stressed or aged.
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Apoptosis
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The diffusion of a solvent, such as water, through a selectively permeable membrane.
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Osmosis
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Nonpolar and lipid soluble substances diffuse directly through the lipid bilayer.
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Simple diffusion
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Certain molecules and ions are transported passively even though they are unable to pass through the lipid bilayer.
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Facilitated diffusion
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The tendency of molecules or ions to move from higher to lower concentration.
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Diffusion
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Requires carrier proteins that combine specifically and reversibly with the transported substances.
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Active transport
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Hydrolysis of ATP results in phosphorylation of the transport protein.
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Primary active transport
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A single ATP-powered pump moves sodium across the plasma membrane against its concentration gradient.
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Secondary active transport
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Fluids containing large particles, and macromolecules are transported across cellular membranes inside membranous sacs.
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Vesicular transport
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