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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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abdomen
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The portion of the trunk between the diaphragm and pelvis.
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abduction
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The movement of a body part away from the axis or midline of the body; movement of a digit away from the axis of the limb.
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ABO system
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The most common system of classification for red blood cell antigens. On the basis of antigens on the red blood cell surface, individuals can be type A, type B, type AB, or type O.
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absorption
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The transport of molecules across epithelial membranes into the body fluids.
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accessory organs
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Organs that assist with the functioning of other organs within a system.
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accommodation
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A process whereby the focal length of the eye is changed by automatic adjustment of the curvature of the lens to bring images of objects from various distances into focus on the retina.
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acetabulum
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A socket in the lateral surface of the hipbone (os coxa) with which the head of the femur articulates.
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acetone
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A ketone body produced as a result of the oxidation of fats.
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acetyl coenzyme A
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A coenzyme derivative in the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids that contributes substrates to the Krebs cycle.
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acetylcholine (ACh)
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An acetic acid ester of choline-a substance that functions as a neurotransmitter in somatic motor nerve and parasympathetic nerve fibers.
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acetylcholinesterase
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An enzyme in the membrane of postsynaptic cells that catalyzes the conversion of ACh into choline and acetic acid. This enzymatic reaction inactivates the neurotransmitter.
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Achilles tendon
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See tendo calcaneous.
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acid
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A substance that releases hydrogen ions when ionized in water.
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acidosis
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An abnormal increase in the H+ concentration of the blood that lowers the arterial pH to below 7.35.
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acromegaly
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A condition caused by the hypersecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland after maturity and characterized by enlargement of the extremities, such as the nose, jaws, fingers, and toes.
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actin
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A protein in muscle fibers that together with myosin is responsible for contraction.
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