Anatomy & Physiology

Front 1

Why should estheticians have a thorough understanding of anatomy and physiology ?

Back 1

Because the human body functions as separate components

Front 2

Cells are made up of colorless, jellylike substances called _____ in which food elements such as protein, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts, and water are present.

Back 2

Protoplasm

Front 3

The principal parts of the cell include the protoplasm, ___.

Back 3

Organelles, nucleus, and cell membrane

Front 4

Found in the center of the cell, the ___ plays an important role in cell reproduction.

Back 4

Nucleus

Front 5

Within the nucleus of the cell, there is a fluid that contains proteins and DNA called the ____.

Back 5

Nucleoplasm

Front 6

The process by which cells reproduce by dividing into identical cells called daughter cells is known as ____.

Back 6

Mitosis

Front 7

Cells will continue to grow and thrive as long as conditions are favorable, such as suitable temperatures, the ability to eliminate waste products, and an adequate supply of ____.

Back 7

Nutrients, oxygen, and water

Front 8

The complex chemical process whereby body cells are nourished and supplied with the energy needed to carry on their many activities is called ____.

Back 8

Metabolism

Front 9

Fat or ____ tissue gives smoothness and contour to the body.

Back 9

Adipose

Front 10

A collector of similar cells that perform a particular function is called a(n) ____.

Back 10

Tissue

Front 11

The protective covering on body surfaces, such as the skin; mucous membranes; linings of the heart, digestive, and respiratory organs; and glands is ______ tissue.

Back 11

Epithelial

Front 12

Tissue that carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions is known as ______ tissue.

Back 12

Nerve

Front 13

_____ tissue supports, protects, and binds together other tissues of the body.

Back 13

Connective

Front 14

Collections of tissues that have an identifiable structure and that perform specific functions are _____.

Back 14

Organs

Front 15

Groups of organs that cooperate for a common purpose, namely the welfare of the entire body, are known as ____.

Back 15

Systems

Front 16

The integumentary system is made up of the _____ and it’s various accessory organs.

Back 16

Skin

Front 17

The skeletal system is comprised of ____.

Back 17

Bones

Front 18

How would you describe the circulatory system ?

Back 18

It controls the blood supply

Front 19

The stomach and intestines are a part of the _____ system.

Back 19

Digestive

Front 20

The cranium is made up of how many bones ?

Back 20

8

Front 21

What bone forma the forehead ?

Back 21

Frontal

Front 22

The bones that form the sides and top of the cranium are called

Back 22

Parietal

Front 23

The vibes that form the sides of the head in the war region are called

Back 23

Temporal

Front 24

The bones of the upper jaw are called

Back 24

Maxillae

Front 25

The largest and strongest bone of the face is the

Back 25

Mandible

Front 26

The hindmost bone of the skull is the

Back 26

Occipital

Front 27

The uppermost and largest bone of the arm is the

Back 27

Humerus

Front 28

The three parts of a muscle are the

Back 28

Orgin, insertion, belly

Front 29

The muscle that enables you to close your eyes is the

Back 29

Orbicularis oculi

Front 30

One of the muscles of the jaw used in chewing is the

Back 30

Masseter

Front 31

The muscle that draws the eyebrow down and wrinkles the forehead vertically is the

Back 31

Corrugator

Front 32

The broad muscle that extends from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin and is responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip is called

Back 32

Platysma

Front 33

The muscle extending alongside the neck from the ear to the collarbone and rotates the head from side to side and up and down is called

Back 33

Sternocleidomastoid

Front 34

The large thick triangular shaped muscle that covers the shoulder and lifts and turns the arm outward is called the

Back 34

Deltoid

Front 35

The muscles that produce the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm, life the forearm, and flex the elbow are

Back 35

Biceps

Front 36

The muscles that turn the hand outward and the palm upward are

Back 36

Supinators

Front 37

The muscles that turn the hand outward and the palm upward are

Back 37

Supinators

Front 38

The muscles that straighten the wrist hand and fingers to form a straight line are called

Back 38

Extensors

Front 39

The muscles located at the base of each digit that separate the fingers are called

Back 39

Abductor

Front 40

The muscles that involve the bending or flexing of the wrist are

Back 40

Flexors

Front 41

The muscle that assists in the swinging of the arms is called

Back 41

Pectoralis

Front 42

Which part of the nervous system controls consciousness and mental activities?

Back 42

Central

Front 43

Estheticians are primarily concerned with three cranial nerves. Which of the following is not one of the three?

Back 43

Eighth (8th)

** The threw cranial nerves you are concerned with are the 5th, 7th and 11th **

Front 44

Which system carries oxygenated blood from the heart throughout the body and back to the heart again?

Back 44

Systemic

Front 45

The blood is made up of

Back 45

Red and white blood cells, platelets and plasma

Front 46

Which system protect the body from disease?

Back 46

Lymphatic

Front 47

The most complex organ of the endocrine system that affects almost every physiological process of the body is the _____ gland.

Back 47

Pituitary

Front 48

What secretes enzyme-producing cells responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats ?

Back 48

Pancreas

Front 49

Which of the following are part of the female reproductive system?

Back 49

Fallopian tubes

Front 50

Which hormone is dominant in males ?

Back 50

Testosterone

Front 51

What spongy tissue exchanges air for carbon dioxide?

Back 51

Lungs

Front 52

Which part of the breathing cycle absorbs oxygen into the blood ?

Back 52

Inhalation

Front 53

The act of moving food along the digestive tract is called

Back 53

Peristalsis

Front 54

Which system is responsible for eliminating waste from the body ?

Back 54

Excretory

Front 55

How does the skin purify the body ?

Back 55

It eliminates salt

Front 56

Which organ discharges bile and helps to break down digestive fat?

Back 56

Liver

Front 57

What is anatomy?

Back 57

The study of the structures of the human body

Front 58

Which of the following is the study of the structure and composition of tissue ?

Back 58

Histology

Front 59

Which of the following is the study of the structure and composition of tissue ?

Back 59

Histology

Front 60

If you study the functions and activities performed by the body structures you are studying

Back 60

Physiology

Front 61

Which of the following is the study of the structure and composition of tissue ?

Back 61

Histology

Front 62

If you study the functions and activities performed by the body structures you are studying

Back 62

Physiology

Front 63

Which body system is comprised of the largest organ of the body ?

Back 63

Integumentary

Front 64

Which body system forms the physical foundation of the body?

Back 64

Skeletal

Front 65

When performing treatments you need to know which system that controls the muscle movements of the face ?

Back 65

Nervous

Front 66

With which system can we pass on our genetics from one generation to the next ?

Back 66

Reproductive

Front 67

With which system can we pass on our genetics from one generation to the next ?

Back 67

Reproductive

Front 68

What is the study of the structure, function, and pathology or the nervous system?

Back 68

Neurology

Front 69

Which subdivision of the nervous system controls the five senses ?

Back 69

Central

Front 70

Which system has both sensory and motor nerves and carries messages to and from the CNS?

Back 70

Peripheral nervous system

Front 71

Which system regulates muscles responsible for respiration and your heart beating?

Back 71

Automatic nervous system

Front 72

What is the largest and most complex mass of nerve tissue in the body ?

Back 72

Brain

Front 73

What are the nerve endings on sensory nerves called ?

Back 73

Receptors

Front 74

What is true about reflexes ?

Back 74

They are automatic

Front 75

Which of the following would not be found in the fifth cranial nerve ?

Back 75

Buccal nerve

Front 76

What is another name for the seventh cranial nerve ?

Back 76

Facial nerve

Front 77

Where would you find the posterior auricular nerve ?

Back 77

Seventh cranial nerve

Front 78

Where would you find the posterior auricular nerve ?

Back 78

Seventh cranial nerve

Front 79

Where do the cervical nerves originate ?

Back 79

Spinal cord

Front 80

Where would you find the posterior auricular nerve ?

Back 80

Seventh cranial nerve

Front 81

Where do the cervical nerves originate ?

Back 81

Spinal cord

Front 82

Which nerve affects the little finger side of the arm and the palm of the hand?

Back 82

Ulnar

Front 83

Which nerve can trigger a sudden drop in blood pressure ?

Back 83

Vagus

Front 84

Which blood vessels connect the smaller arteries to venules ?

Back 84

Capillaries

Front 85

Which blood vessels connect the smaller arteries to venules ?

Back 85

Capillaries

Front 86

What is the largest artery in the body ?

Back 86

Aorta

Front 87

What do veins do ?

Back 87

Take waste material to the heart for cleaning

Front 88

Which of the following is not true about the blood ?

Back 88

Carries away oxygen and waste products to be eliminated through the lungs, skin, and kidneys

Front 89

Platelets are used to _____ .

Back 89

Destroy disease causing microorganisms

Front 90

What is the main source of blood supply to the head, face, and neck ?

Back 90

Carotid arteries

Front 91

As an esthetician, understanding facial vessel locations helps you avoid doing what during a treatment ?

Back 91

Bruising

Front 92

What does the liver do ?

Back 92

Secretes enzymes necessary for digestion

Front 93

Why do we need a spleen?

Back 93

It fights infection and detoxifies the blood

Front 94

Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system?

Back 94

Carries fluid, waste, and impurities toward the cells