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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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name the 8 functions of blood |
1. transport gases- oxygen & carbon dioxide 2. transport nutrients 3. transport hormones 4. transport wastes to kidneys/lungs 5. regulate blood pH and electrolyte composition 6. defend against pathogens (WBC***) 7. restrict blood loss from injury (sealant) 8. stabilization of body temp |
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what 3 things make up blood? |
1. plasma 2. plasma proteins 3. formed elements |
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non-cellular fluid matrix of blood water, electrolytes, nutrients, metabolic wastes what is its percent of blood volume? |
plasma- 55% blood volume |
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transport of hormones and lipids; framework for clots |
plasma proteins |
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contain RBC, WBC, and platelets what is its percent of blood volume? |
formed elements 45% blood volume |
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which direction does the apex of the heart point? |
left |
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what is the main function of myocardium? |
relay action potentials through intercalary discs |
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what is also known as epicardium? |
visceral pericardium |
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what makes up the two layers of the pericardial sac? |
inner layer- parietal pericardium outer layer- parietal pleura |
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what are the two other names for the left atrioventricular valve? |
bicuspid valve mitral valve |
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what is the function of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles in the heart? |
chordae tendineae- connect cusps to muscles papillary muscles- keep tension on chordae papillary muscles- lets valve close just enough but not to much where valve goes into atrium |
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back flow? what does it cause? |
regurgitation- causes heart murmurs |
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contraction of myocardium
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systole
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relaxation of myocardium |
diastole |
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what is mitral valve prolapse? |
failure of chords/papillary m.s to stabilize bicuspid valve ballooning into left atrium women 30-40 effected |
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what is the function of the SA node? |
sino atrial node= pacemaker (nodal) cells are responsible for heart rate |
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what is the function of the AV node? |
atrio-ventricular node= core of heart, located between atria and ventricles, connected to SA node |
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what is the function of the AV bundle? |
Bundle of His= runs from AV node through interventricular septum purkinje fibers branch onto ventricular walls |
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what CN will slow the heart down? |
Vagus n. |
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mechanical failure of a heart valve |
heart murmur |
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slower than normal heart rate |
bradycardia
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faster than normal heart rate |
tachycardia |
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space between parietal and visceral pericardia |
pericardial cavity |
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inflammation of the pericardia |
pericarditis |
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pericardial sac fills with blood heart cant move heart crushed by blood |
cardiac tamponade |
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restricted blood supply to myocardium |
coronary ischemia |
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localized cell (tissue) death from lack of oxygen- myocardium blockage |
infarction |
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localized cell death in myocardium |
myocardial infarction |
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referred pain associated with MI's |
angina pectoris |
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what are the 3 layers of blood vessels? |
tunica interna- inside tunica media- muscle tunica externa- outside |
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what are the 3 types of vessels? |
arteries veins lymphatics |
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return lymph (interstital fluid) to heart |
lymphatics |
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how does the tunica media control blood? |
smooth muscle adjusts BV diameter vasoconstriction of vessel (decrease diameter) vasodialation of vessel (increase diameter) |
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how does the fight/flight response control blood? |
sympathetic dilation of CB in muscle- increase O2 delivery restriction of blood supply to gut- redistribute blood |
