Anatomy And Physiology Chapter 1

Front 1

Anatomy

Back 1

the study of structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationship to one another

Front 2

Physiology

Back 2

the study of how the body and its parts work or function

Front 3

Cell

Back 3

the smallest units of all living things

Front 4

Tissue

Back 4

consist of groups of similar cells that have a comman function

Front 5

Organ

Back 5

A structure, composed of two or more tissue types, that performs a specific function for the body

Front 6

Organ System

Back 6

a group of organs that cooperate to the accomplish a common purpose

Front 7

Integumentary System

Back 7

the external covering of the body

Front 8

Skeletal System

Back 8

consist of bones, joints, cartilages, ligaments

Front 9

Muscular System

Back 9

Organ system consisting of skeletal muscles and their connective tissue attachment

Front 10

Nervous System

Back 10

the body's fast-acting control system

Front 11

Endocrine System

Back 11

Body system that includes internal organs that secrete hormones

Front 12

Cardiovascular System

Back 12

carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, to and from the tissue

Front 13

Lymphatic Stystem

Back 13

a system of lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and other lymphoid organs and tissue

Front 14

Respiratory System

Back 14

Keep the body supplied w/ oxygen and to remove carbon dioxide

Front 15

Digestive System

Back 15

Breakdown food and deliver the products to the blood for dispersal to the body

Front 16

Urinary System

Back 16

Removes nitrogen containing waste from the blood and flushes them from the body in urine

Front 17

Reproductive System

Back 17

Reproduce offspring

Front 18

Movement

Back 18

Activities promoted by the muscular system

Front 19

Responsiveness Irritability

Back 19

the ability to sense change and to react to them

Front 20

Digestion

Back 20

the bodily process of breaking down foods chemically and mechanically

Front 21

Metabolism

Back 21

the sum total of the chemical reactions that occur in the body

Front 22

Excretion

Back 22

the elimination of waste products from the body

Front 23

Reproduction

Back 23

the production of offspring

Front 24

Growth

Back 24

increase in size usually b/c of the increase in cells

Front 25

Nutrients

Back 25

things taken via diet to give you energy

Front 26

Homeostasis

Back 26

a state of body equilibrium or stable internal enviornment of the body

Front 27

Receptor

Back 27

1. peripheral nerve ending specialized for response to particular types of stimuli
2. molecule that binds specifically with other molecules

Front 28

Control Center

Back 28

determines the level at which a variable is to be maintained.

Front 29

Effector

Back 29

an organ, gland, or muscle capable of being activated by nerve ending

Front 30

Negative Feedback

Back 30

Feedback that causes the stimulus to decline or end

Front 31

Positive Feedback

Back 31

feedback that tends to cause a variable to change in the same direction as the initial change; enhances the stimulus

Front 32

Homeostatic Imbalance

Back 32

when our internal conditions become less and less stable

Front 33

Anatomical Position

Back 33

the standard position

Front 34

Superior Cranial Cephalad

Back 34

refers to the upper parts of the body

Front 35

Inferior Caudal

Back 35

in humans, the lower part of the anatomy

Front 36

Anterior Ventral

Back 36

the front of the organism, organ, or part; ventral surface

Front 37

Posterior Dorsal

Back 37

Pertaining to the back

Front 38

Medial

Back 38

toward the midline of the body

Front 39

Lateral

Back 39

away from the midline of the body

Front 40

Intermediate

Back 40

Between a more medial and a more lateral structure

Front 41

Proximal

Back 41

toward the attached end of the limb or the origin of the structure

Front 42

Distal

Back 42

farthest from the point of attachment of a limb or origin

Front 43

Superficial

Back 43

located close to or on the body's surface

Front 44

Deep

Back 44

away from the body surface, more internal

Front 45

Abdominal

Back 45

the portion of the body between the diaphragm and pelvis

Front 46

Acromial

Back 46

the point of the shoulder

Front 47

Antecubital

Back 47

Anterior surface of the elbow

Front 48

Axillary

Back 48

Armpit

Front 49

Brachial

Back 49

pertaining to the arm

Front 50

Buccal

Back 50

pertaining to the cheek

Front 51

Carpal

Back 51

one of the eight bones in the wrist

Front 52

Cervical

Back 52

refers to the neck or the neckline portion of an organ or structure

Front 53

Coxal

Back 53

hip

Front 54

Crural

Back 54

leg

Front 55

Digital

Back 55

Fingers and toes

Front 56

Femoral

Back 56

thigh

Front 57

Fibular

Back 57

lateral part of the leg

Front 58

inguial

Back 58

area where the thigh meets body trunk

Front 59

Nasal

Back 59

Nose area

Front 60

Oral

Back 60

Mouth

Front 61

Carpal

Back 61

one of the eight bones in the wrist

Front 62

Cervical

Back 62

refers to the neck or the neckline portion of an organ or structure

Front 63

Coxal

Back 63

hip

Front 64

Crural

Back 64

leg

Front 65

Digital

Back 65

Fingers and toes

Front 66

Femoral

Back 66

thigh

Front 67

Fibular

Back 67

lateral part of the leg

Front 68

inguial

Back 68

area where the thigh meets body trunk

Front 69

Nasal

Back 69

Nose area

Front 70

Oral

Back 70

Mouth

Front 71

Orbital

Back 71

Eyes

Front 72

Patellar

Back 72

Anterior Knee

Front 73

Pelvic

Back 73

area overlying the pelvis anteriorly

Front 74

Pubic

Back 74

Genital region

Front 75

Sternal

Back 75

breastbone area

Front 76

tarsal

Back 76

ankle region

Front 77

thoracic

Back 77

chest

Front 78

umbilical

Back 78

navel

Front 79

cephalic

Back 79

head

Front 80

deltoid

Back 80

curve of a shoulder formed by the deltiod muscle

Front 81

Gluteal

Back 81

Buttock

Front 82

Lumbar

Back 82

area of back between ribs and hip

Front 83

occipital

Back 83

posterior surface of head

Front 84

popliteal

Back 84

area between hips

Front 85

scapular

Back 85

shoulder blade region

Front 86

sural

Back 86

the posterior surface of lower leg

Front 87

vertebral

Back 87

area of spine

Front 88

sagittal/midsagittal section/ median section

Back 88

longitudinal plane that divides the body or any parts into right and left portions

Front 89

frontal/ coronal section

Back 89

a longitudinal plane tht divides the body or an organ into anterior and posterior parts

Front 90

Transverse Section/ cross section

Back 90

plane that divides the body or its parts into superior and inferior portions

Front 91

thoracic cavity

Back 91

separated from the rest of the ventral cavity by a dome shaped muscle. The organs in the thoracic cavity are somewhat protected by the ribcage

Front 92

Ventral Body Cavity

Back 92

larger than the Dorsal Cavity...contains all of the structures within the chest and abdomen. Like the dorsal cavity, it is subdivided.

Front 93

Dorsal Body Cavity
Cranial and Spinal Cavities

Back 93

Has two subdivisions, which are continuous with each other. The cranial cavity is the space inside the bony skull. The spinal cavity extends from the cranial cavity nearly to the end of the vertebral column

Front 94

Diaphragm

Back 94

dome-shaped muscle

Front 95

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Back 95

abdominal cavity contains the liver, stomach, intestines, and other organs.
pelvic cavity contains the reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum

Front 96

Umbilical Region

Back 96

the centermost region, deep to and surrounding the umbilicus

Front 97

Epigastric region

Back 97

located superior to the umbilical region

Front 98

hypogastric region

Back 98

inferior to the umbilical region

Front 99

Right and left iliac region

Back 99

lateral to the hypogastric region

Front 100

Right and left lumbar region

Back 100

lateral to the umbilical

Front 101

Right and left hypochondriac region

Back 101

flank the epigastric region and contain the lower ribs.