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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Organs of the urinary system |
Kidneys Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra |
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Organs in the urinary tract |
Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra |
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Functions of the urinary system |
Remove waste products Storage of urine Excretion of urine Blood volume regulation Regulation of erythrocyte production Regulation of ph in blood & electrolytes |
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With respect to the peritoneum, where are the kidneys |
Retroperitoneal |
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Highest and lowest point of the kidneys |
Superior pole: T12 Inferior pole L3 |
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One kidney is lower, which? |
Right, because of the liver |
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Part where the blood vessels and nerves and ureters connect to it |
Hilum |
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If you take out all the middle stuff of the kidney, what that create |
Renal sinus |
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Dense layer of connective tissue surrounding each kidney |
Fibrous (renal) capsule |
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Layer of lipid filled cells surrounding each kidney and offers cushioning and insulation |
Perinephric (perirenal) fat or adipose capsule |
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Nephra- means |
Kidney |
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Outer granular layer |
Renal cortex |
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Darker inner layer |
Renal medulla |
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Triangular structures within the renal medulla |
Renal pyramids (medullary pyramids) |
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Structures lay between each pyramid |
Renal columns |
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Part of the pyramid that projects into the renal sinus |
Renal papilla |
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Funnel shaped structure attached to a renal pyramid to collect urine |
Minor calyx |
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Mergence of minor calyces |
Major calyx |
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Large funnel shaped structure that delivers urine to the ureter |
Renal pelvis |
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Main blood supply to the kidney |
Renal artery |
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Vein the drains the kidney |
Renal vein |
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Fibromuscular tubes conduct urine from kidneys to the urinary bladder |
Ureters |
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Ureters are intra or retroperitoneal |
Retroperitoneal |
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Rhythmic movements of smooth muscle propel urine along the length of the ureter |
Peristalsis |
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Pain from a ureter is projected to what dermatomes |
T11-T12 |
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Regions of the CNS where the sympathetic nervous system arises |
Lateral horns of T1-L2 region of the spinal cord |
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Sympathetic ganglia that lie on the left and right sides of the vertebral column from T1-L2 |
Sympathetic trunk |
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Specific regions where the parasympathetic division of the ANS |
Lateral gray regions of the S2-S4 spinal cord segmentsn |
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Another name for visceral |
Splanchnic |
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Interwoven networks of nerves or blood vessels. Means “to plait” |
Plexus |
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Structures composed of preganglionic axons that do not synapse in a sympathetic trunk ganglion |
Splanchnic nerves |
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Splanchnic nerves of the sympathetic division of the ANS terminate in this structure |
Prevertebral (collateral ganglia) |
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What pathway is a post ganglionic axon within if it passes through the sympathetic trunk without synapsing and extends to the prevertebral ganglia |
Splanchnic nerve pathway |
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Pathway in the sympathetic division that goes to the adrenal medulla |
Adrenal medulla pathway |
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Collections of sympathetic postganglionic axons, as well as some visceral sensory axons |
Autonomic plexuses |
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Five autonomic plexuses |
Cardiac, pulmonary, esophageal, abdominal aortic, hypogastric |
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Structures that are similar rather than paired, or anterior to the vertebral column, and are located only in the abdominal cavity |
Prevertebral ganglia |
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Three prevertebral ganglia |
Celiac ganglion, superior mesenteric ganglion, inferior mesenteric ganglion |
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Nerves that carry fibers of the parasympathetic division of the ANS through the pelvis |
Pelvic splanchnic nerves |
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Location of the lumbar plexus |
Anterior rami of L1-L4 |
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Three of the nerves part of the lumbar plexus |
Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh Femoral nerve Obturator nerve |
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Locations of the three nerves in the lumbar plexus (that we need to learn). |
Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh: mergence of L2 & L3 Femoral nerve: L3 mostly Obturator nerve: L2 |
