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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Six main functions of the digestion system |
Ingestion, digestion, peristalsis, secretion, absorption, elimination. |
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The introduction of solid and liquid nutrients into the oral cavity |
Ingestion |
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Breakdown of large food items into smaller structures and molecules |
Digestion |
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Break down into smaller pieces of the same material |
Mechanical digestion |
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Break down of molecules into their component parts |
Chemical digestion |
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Muscular contraction that forms ripples along part of the gi tract and causes material to move along |
Peristalsis |
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Churning and mixing of movement occurs in the small intestine |
Segmentation |
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Releasing fluid products such as acid, bile, digestive enzymes, and mucin |
Secretion |
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Passive of active transport of electrolytes , digestion products, vitamins, and water across the GI tract and into the Gi tract blood and lymphatic vessels |
Absorption |
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Undigestible materials |
Feces |
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Process of elimination |
Defecation |
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Shape of the stomach |
J shaped |
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Location of stomach |
Left upper quadrant of abdomen, immediately inferior to the diaphragm |
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Region of the stomach that attaches to the esophagus |
Cardia |
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Dome shaped region of the stomach |
Fundus |
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Largest region of the stomach |
Body |
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Region of the stomach that is funnel shaped and attached to the duodenum |
Pylorus |
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Circular muscle that regulates material entering the small intestine |
Pyloric sphincter |
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Inferior convex border of the stomach, attaches to the greater omentum |
Greater curvature |
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Superior concave border of the stomach |
Lesser curvature |
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Internal folds of the stomach |
Gastric folds (gastric rugae) |
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Layers of smooth muscle are found in the stomach |
Longitudinal Circular Oblique |
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Another term for the small intestine |
Small bowel |
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First region of the small intestine |
Duodenum |
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Structure that secretes pancreatic juice |
Major duodenal papilla |
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Second region of the small intestine |
Jejunum |
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Third segment of the small intestine |
Ileum |
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Small circular muscle that controls the flow of material from the small intestine to the large intestine |
Ileocecal valve |
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Synonym for large intestine |
Large bowel |
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First region of the large intestine |
Cecum |
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Abdominal region where the large intestine is located |
Right lower |
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Fingerlike sac lines by lymphotocyte filled lymphatic nodules and attached to the first region of the large intestine |
Vermiform appendix |
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Segment of large intestine that extends superiorly |
Ascending colon |
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Bend in the colon that occurs near the inferior surface of the liver |
Right colic flexure (hepatic flexure) |
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Segment of large intestine projects horizontally across the anterior region of the abdominal cavity |
Transverse colon |
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Bend in the colon that occurs near the spleen |
Left colic flexure (splenic flexure) |
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Segment of the colon that bends inferiorly |
Descending colon |
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Segment of the large intestine that is s shaped |
Sigmoid colon |
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Segment of large intestine is straight and lies on the posterior wall of the true pelvis |
Rectum |
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Terminal section of the large intestine |
Anal canal |
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Two circular muscles regulate the passage of feces from the anal canal |
Internal and external anal sphincters |
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Posterior opening of the alimentary canal |
Anus |
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Three thin longitudinal bundles of smooth muscle tissue on the exterior of the large intestine. |
Taeniae coli |
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Pouches that the large intestine is divided into |
Haustra (sacculations) |
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Lobules of fat hanging off the external surface of the large intestine |
Epiploic appendages |
