2Nd Test Review

Front 1

What are the two primary factors for the distribution of terrestrial organisms?

Back 1

water availability, temperature

Front 2

Biome

Back 2

large land area with similar environmental conditions and plant communities

Front 3

What are biomes generally named after?

Back 3

Their dominant type of vegetation

Front 4

What are the two main factors that determine soil moisture to plants?

Back 4

Rainfall, temperature

Front 5

Explain why equatorial winds always blow east to west?

Back 5

Hot, warm air rises in the ocean, the planet turns west to east beneath it, and it travels east to west when it falls

Front 6

What are the names and the order of the three shallow-water zones, from shallowest to deepest?

Back 6

Littoral Zone, Limnetic Zone, Profundal Zone

Front 7

Explain the difference between the photic zone and the aphotic zone?

Back 7

Sea-dwelling animals in the photic zone rely on photosynthesis to survive, while animals in the aphotic zone are too deep for sunlight to penetrate

Front 8

What causes acid rain, and what are the two main things it is composed of?

Back 8

The natural ecosystem can't absorb excess sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

Front 9

Name six severe consequences of global warming?

Back 9

Melting ice sheets mean rising sea levels, extreme weather patterns predicted, changing amounts of precipitation, wildlife impacted, replacement of forests by grasslands, decline of coral reefs

Front 10

Describe the relationship between America's population and its greenhouse gas emissions?

Back 10

5% of the world's population produces 25% of its greenhouse gas emissions

Front 11

Biodiversity

Back 11

The variety of living organisms on the planet, including their genes, ecosystems, and community interactions

Front 12

What is the goal of Conservation Biology, and how does it plan to do this?

Back 12

To conserve biodiversity by preventing extinction of species due to human causes, maintaining large population numbers that maintain genetic diversity, and preserving community interactions that sustain ecosystems

Front 13

Name eight examples of Ecosystem Services?

Back 13

Purify air and water, replenish oxygen, pollinate plants and disperse seeds, provide wildlife habitat, decompose wastes, control erosion and flooding, control pests, provide recreation

Front 14

Name two direct benefits of healthy ecosystems?

Back 14

Hunting and fishing for food, harvesting wood for heating and cooking

Front 15

Name five indirect benefits of healthy ecosystems?

Back 15

Soil formation, erosion control, climate regulation, genetic resources, recreation

Front 16

How many mass extinctions have there been?

Back 16

Six, including the present one caused by humans

Front 17

Name two broad threats to biodiversity?

Back 17

Increasing use of resources to support human lifestyles, human activities that destroy habitats and pollute the environment

Front 18

Name five human threats to biodiversity?

Back 18

Habitat destruction, overexploitation, harmful interaction with invasive species, pollution, global warming

Front 19

Define minimum viable population?

Back 19

The minimum natural population that can persist in spite of natural events

Front 20

Name six professions that are critical to Conservation Biology?

Back 20

Biological scientists, wildlife managers, environmental lawyers, ecological economists, social scientists, educators

Front 21

Name four things sustainability requires?

Back 21

Diverse communities and interactions, populations stabilized below carrying capacity, recycling and efficient use of raw materials, reliance on renewable sources of energy

Front 22

Name the two basic forms of animal behavior?

Back 22

Innate, learned

Front 23

Name four kinds of learned animal behavior?

Back 23

Habituation, trial and error, operant, insight

Front 24

Communication

Back 24

The production of a signal by one organism that causes the other organism to change its behavior in a way that is beneficial to one or both

Front 25

Name the two types of visual communication?

Back 25

Active, passive

Front 26

What are chemical communications carried by?

Back 26

Pheromones