Flash Cards For Fire Protection

Front 1

What's nfpa 1581

Back 1

Standard on fire departments infection control program

Front 2

What's nfpa 1404

Back 2

Standard for fire service respirator protection training

Front 3

What is NFPA 1971

Back 3

Standard on protective ensembles for structural fire fighting and proximity fire fighting

Front 4

What is NFPA 1982?

Back 4

Standard on personal alert safety system (PASS)

Front 5

What is NFPA 1981?

Back 5

Standard on open-circuit Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) for emergency services

Front 6

What is NFPA 1977?

Back 6

Standard on protective clothing and equipment for wildland fire fighting

Front 7

What is NFPA 1975

Back 7

Standard on station/work uniform for fire and emergency services

-uniform must stay intact at 500 degrees for 5 minutes

Front 8

What are three exceptions for personnel not being seated and securely belted in while the vehicle is in motion?

Back 8

Hose loading, tiller training, EMS operations.

Front 9

NFPA 1500 is:

Back 9

Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program. Single most NFPA standard dealing with firefighters safety and health

Front 10

What is NFPA, OSHA, CanOSH ?

Back 10

*National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

* Occupational Safety and Health Association(OSHA)

* Canada's national occupational health and safety (CanOSH)

Front 11

What is the definition of moral character?

Back 11

Truthfulness and honesty

Front 12

What are three signs of backdraft?

Back 12

*Little / no visible flame

* smoke leaving building in puffs

* inwardly drawn smoke

Front 13

What is a rollover?

Back 13

A condition where the unburned fire gases accumulate at the top of a compartment ignite and flames travel through the ceiling.

Front 14

The tendencies of gases to form and layers according to temperature is?

Back 14

Thermal layering

Front 15

What is the highest priority when writing SOP's?

Back 15

Safety

Front 16

What is the National Incident Management System?

Back 16

A consistent nationwide template to enable all government, private sector and non-government organizations to work together during domestic incidents.

Front 17

What are the four basic organizational principles and what do they do?

Back 17

*Unity of command - report to only one supervisor

*Span of control - any officer can effectively supervise or manage a certain number of individuals (3-7)

*Division of labor - process of dividing large jobs into small jobs to make them manageable

*Discipline - organizations responsibilities

Front 18

What is law enforcement's priority to being called to a scene with fire departments?

Back 18

*Scene security

*maintaining flow of traffic *investigations

Front 19

When do hospitals provide services such as ambulances and EMS? On what rare occasions?

Back 19

Mass casualty incidents

Front 20

What is the material or substance being oxidized or burned in the combustion process?

Back 20

Fuel

Front 21

(______) of hot gases and flame rises from the fire and mixes with the cooler air within the room

Back 21

Plume

Front 22

What is a career fire department?

Back 22

*Stationed with salaried firefighters

* usually found in large towns and cities

Front 23

What is a paid-on-call firefighter?

Back 23

A firefighter who is reimbursed for every call he responds to.

Front 24

What different types of categories are there for fire departments?

Back 24

Volunteer, paid - on - call, career, and combination

Front 25

What is a volunteer fire department?

Back 25

A department where work is done for FREE. Usually found in communities with populations of a few hundred to tens of thousands.

Front 26

What is the statistic of USFA ( US Fire Administration) in 2005 for the greatest number of injuries to firefighters occurring on the fireground?

Back 26

52%

Front 27

Definition of integrity:

Back 27

*Obedience to the unenforceable

*Doing the right thing simply because it's right

Front 28

What characteristics and fundamentals are found in firefighters?

Back 28

Integrity, moral character, work ethic, pride, courage

Front 29

Who are fire departments governed by?

Back 29

*Commercial

* federal

* military publications

Front 30

What are in flight line / weapon storage areas that contain classified information?

Back 30

*Aircraft

*Hangers

*Armament and munitions

Front 31

What are sites that contain classified material / information?

Back 31

* Crypto buildings

* surveillance sites

* missile sites

* command post

* Fire Department

Front 32

What are military publications?

Back 32

Rules of instructions that are unique to military personnel.

*Air Force instruction (AFI)

* Army regulation

*Marine Corps NAVAIR

Front 33

What is federal publications?

Back 33

Rules and standards produced by federal government agencies.

* Occupational Safety and Health Administration standard (OSHA)

* Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Front 34

Commercial publications are produced by?

Back 34

Private organizations recognized as experts in their field

* National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

* International fire service training Association (IFSTA)

Front 35

What hazards does firefighting produce to the environment

Back 35

*Fire stations

*Firefighting agents

*Training exercises

*Hazardous response

Front 36

Why are halogens harmful?

Back 36

They displace oxygen and deplete the ozone layer.

Front 37

Conduction is-

Back 37

The transfer of heat within a body or to another body by direct contact

Front 38

Convection is -

Back 38

The transfer of heat energy from a fluid (liquid or gas) to a solid surface

Front 39

Radiation is -

Back 39

The transmissions of energy as an electromagnetic wave.

Front 40

What priorities do most fire departments operate with?

Back 40

Tactical priorities

Front 41

What does the acronym LIP stand for?

Back 41

*Life safety

*Incident stabilization

*Property Conservation

Front 42

What is CISM?

Back 42

Critical Incident Stress Management.

* a process of managing stress that should start before entering the scene if known conditions are likely to produce emotional stress. (mass shootings/school shootings)

* minor debriefing / diffusing at the end of shift. should attend within 72 hours of the incident.

Front 43

How much oxygen is composed in the atmosphere?

Back 43

21%

Front 44

Reactions that absorb energy are called _______

Back 44

Endothermic reactions

Hint 44

Endo =Inter

Front 45

What evolved into the modern fire apparatus that we see today?

Back 45

The early pumpers and ladder trucks using the steel and iron industries from the Industrial Revolution.

Front 46

What are materials that are capable of being mixed?

Back 46

Miscible

Front 47

a substances that to a degree which a solid, liquid or gas dissolved in a solvent (usually water) are-

Back 47

Solubility

Front 48

What is a flame?

Back 48

A visible luminous body of burning gas

Front 49

Whenever there is an emergency who is often the first response organization to the scene?

Back 49

The fire department

Front 50

What is the mission of the fire service?

Back 50

To save lives and protect property. This is the mission of EVERY firefighter / fire department

Front 51

What is an emergency?

Back 51

A situation that is emerging / not staying the same and getting worse / bigger

Front 52

What are the four elements used to create the fire tetrahedron?

Back 52

*Oxygen

*fuel

*Heat

*self-sustained chemical chain reaction

Front 53

What affected many aspects of society especially firefighting tools, equipment, and methods?

Back 53

The Industrial Revolution

Front 54

Who are an integral amd growing part of the fire department staff?

Back 54

Women and minorities

Front 55

Form of what? And what two states does the answer exist in?

Back 55

Energy

- energy is found in potential and kinetic States.

Front 56

The definition of courage is -

Back 56

Facing sometimes frightening situations with training expertise and self-discipline to assess the risk and take those that are appropriate.

Front 57

True or false - Fire is a form of combustion

Back 57

True

Front 58

What is the most efficient and cost-effective way fire departments can save lives and property?

Back 58

Preventing fires from starting in the first place

Front 59

What does fire protection involve?

Back 59

Combating, preventing and extinguishing fires, and answering emergency calls.

Front 60

What is also known as spontaneous heating and is a form of chemical heat energy that occurs when a material increases in temperature without additional heat?

Back 60

Self - heating

Front 61

______ is the temperature to which the surface of a substance must be heated for ignition and self-sustained combustion to occur.

Back 61

AIT (Auto ignition temperature)

Front 62

The range of concentrations of fuel vapors and air is called the _____ Range.

Back 62

Flammable / explosive range

Front 63

What are the states and fire development?

Back 63

Incipient -

Growth -

Fully developed -

Decay -

Front 64

What energy is created by friction or compression?

Back 64

Mechanical heat energy

Front 65

What are the three mechanisms heat can be transferred?

Back 65

Conduction, convection, radiation

Front 66

What is hot gases spreading horizontally across the ceiling called?

Back 66

Mushrooming

Front 67

What are the agents that turn fats and oils into a soapy foam that extinguishes fires?

Back 67

Saponification

Front 68

What are the six sources of heat energy?

Back 68

Chemical, mechanical, electrical, nuclear,light, sound

Front 69

What is the most common source of heat in combustion reactions?

Back 69

Chemical heat energy

Front 70

What is the upper flammable limit?

Back 70

The concentrations that are above the flammable limit ("Too Rich")

*Not enough oxygen+too many vapors

Front 71

What is the lower flammable limit?

Back 71

The minimum concentration of fuel vapor. Concentrations that are below the flammable limit or " to lean"

*Too much oxygen + not enough vapors

Front 72

A British Thermal unit (BTU) is -

Back 72

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water 1 degree Fahrenheit.

Front 73

A flashover is -

Back 73

The rapid transition between the growth and fully developed fire stages but is not a specific event such as ignition

Front 74

The ratio of the mass of a given volume of liquid compared with the mass of an equal volume of water at the same temperature is-

Back 74

Specific gravity

Front 75

What describes the density of gases in relation to air?

Back 75

Vapor density

Front 76

What are the materials that absorb heat but do not participate actively in the combustion reaction?

Back 76

Passive agents

Front 77

Oxidizers are -

Back 77

Any substance / material that yields oxygen readily and may stimulate the combustion of organic / inorganic matter.

Front 78

The ratio of the surface area of the fuel to the mass of the fuel is-

Back 78

Surface to mass ratio

*Greater surface area = easier to ignite

*Smaller surface area= harder to ignite

Front 79

What is the temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapors to ignite but not sustain combustion? ( piloted ignition)

Back 79

Flashpoint

Front 80

What are the four special operations personnel?

Back 80

*Airport firefighters

* hazardous materials technician

* technical rescuer

* wildland firefighter

Front 81

What is an order?

Back 81

An order is based upon a policy or procedure

Front 82

what is a directive?

Back 82

A request or suggestion .

general guidelines / how to do

Front 83

What are the two forms of ignition?

Back 83

*Piloted ignition - occurs when a mixture of fuel and oxygen encounter and external heat source with sufficient heat energy to start the combustion reaction.

* auto ignition - occurs without any external flame or spark to ignite the fuel or vapor

Front 84

What is a procedure?

Back 84

A written communication is closely related to a policy

Front 85

What is matter

Back 85

Anything that takes up space and has mass

Front 86

Reactions that give off energy as they occur are -

Back 86

Exothermic

Front 87

A rapid and self-sustaining chemical process that yields heat and light is -

Back 87

Combustion

Front 88

What is the temperature at which sufficient vapours are being generated to sustain the combustion reaction?

Back 88

Fire point

Front 89

What is a standard operating procedure?

Back 89

A predetermine plan for nearly every situation they can conceive occurring, both emergency and non emergency.

Front 90

Vaporization is -

Back 90

The release of the ignitable gasses or vapors in liquid fuels.

Front 91

Fire Class A deals with -

Back 91

Ordinary combustibles,wood,cloth, and plastics

Front 92

Class B fires deal with -

Back 92

Liquids and gases, gasoline, oil

Front 93

Class C fires deal with-

Back 93

Energized electrical equipment

Front 94

Class D fires deal with -

Back 94

Combustible metals

Front 95

Class K fire deal with -

Back 95

Oils and grease usually found in kitchens

Front 96

What is incidence stabilization?

Back 96

Prevention of an emergency from getting worse than it is when arriving on scene.

Front 97

Kinetic energy is -

Back 97

The energy possessed by a moving object

Front 98

Potential energy is -

Back 98

The energy possessed by an object that may be released in the future

Front 99

What is a passport system?

Back 99

Aka the "tag system" helps aid in accounting for personnel within the hazard zone

Front 100

What is energy?

Back 100

The capacity to perform work

Front 101

The definition of work ethic is -

Back 101

* doing what needs to be done without being told

*Doing what you're asked without complaint. doing it completely and to the best of your ability.

Front 102

What is a fire company?

Back 102

A group of firefighters assigned to a particular station.

Front 103

The definition of pride is -

Back 103

How you look and behave / self-confidence

Front 104

A physical change occurs when,

Back 104

A substance remains chemically the same but changes in size, shape, or appearance

Front 105

what 2 programs do fire departments use to prevent fire?

Back 105

*Fire prevention and code enforcement

* public education

Front 106

What is property conservation?

Back 106

The firefighter personnel saving as much property as possible

Front 107

Pyrolysis is -

Back 107

The release of ignitable gasses or vapors in solid.

Solid to gas

Front 108

What is a policy?

Back 108

A guide to decision making within the organization

Front 109

Resistance heating, overcurrent or overload arcing and sparking are all -

Back 109

Examples of electrical heat energy

Front 110

Those qualified at firefighter 1 level must know there 4 things:

Back 110

*classification of fire

*risk associated with each class of fire

*operating methods of portable fire extinguishers

*Limitations of portable fire extinguisher s

Front 111

Those Qualified at the firefighter level 1 MUST BE ABLE TO:

Back 111

*Select appropriate extinguisher for Size and Type of fire.

* safely carry portable fire extinguisher

*Approach fire with portable fire extinguisher

*Operate portable fire extinguishers

Front 112

The acronym PASS dealing with portable fire extinguishers stands for:

Back 112

*Pull

*Aim

*Squeeze

*Sweep

Front 113

CLASS A FIRES

Involve ordinary combustibles such as:

They are extinguished with:

Back 113

*Textiles

*Paper

*Plastics

*Rubber

*Wood

* Extinguished with water, water based agents such as Class A foam, or dry chemicals

Front 114

CLASS B FIRES

involve flammable and combustible liquids and gases such as:

*And can be extinguished with:

Back 114

*alcohol

*gasoline

*lubricating oils

*liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

* extinguished with carbon dioxide (co2) ,dry chemical, and Class B foam

Front 115

CLASS C FIRES

Involved energized electrical equipment. Once power supply has been turned off or disconnected fire can be treated with:

Back 115

* Class A or Class B fire extinguishers

Front 116

Class D fires involve combustible metals and alloys such as:

Back 116

Lithium,magnesium, potassium sodium.

* fires identified by a bright white emissions

Front 117

Class D fires continued - dry powder extinguishers work best on these types of fires. Do not confuse dry powder extinguishers with dry chemical units used on class ab&c fires.

Back 117

Dry chemical agent such as sodium and potassium bicarbonate will react violently with burning metal is applied to a Class D fire.

Front 118

Back 118

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