11. Political Developments In The Early Republic

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during the Revolutionary War, this Boston bookseller became a general and Washington's close friend and adviser; he was appointed as the Secretary of War by President Washington.

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Henry Knox (11)

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a Patriot who served in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War, he was appointed by President Washington as the Secretary of the Treasury.

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Alexander Hamilton (11)

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a Patriot who served in the Continental Congress during the Revolutionary War, President Washington appointed him as the Secretary of State.

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Thomas Jefferson (11)

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a federal ceremony to mark the beginning of something, such as a President's term of office.

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inauguration (11)

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President Washington's Vice President, he pointed out that European heads of government had titles like "Your Excellency" that showed respect for their office.

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John Adams (11)

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one of three executive departments established during the presidency of George Washington to defend the nation.

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Department of War (11)

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one of three executive departments set up during the presidency of George Washington to handle relations with other countries.

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Department of State (11)

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one of three executive departments set up during the presidency of George Washington to oversee the nation's finances.

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Treasury Department (11)

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this branch of the executive department was created by Congress to serve as the President's legal adviser.

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Attorney General (11)

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the collective name of the heads of the executive departments.

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Cabinet (11)

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a tax on the production or sale of a product.

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excise tax (11)

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settlers living west of the Appalachian Mountains who distilled their bulky wheat into an alcoholic drink which could be shipped more cheaply and tried to tar and feather tax collectors who tried to enforce the law.

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"Whiskey Boys" (11)

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this rebellion was a serious challenge to the new nation's ability to enforce its laws that President Washington personally led 13,000 state militia troops to put down the rebellion.

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Whiskey Rebellion (11)

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in 1789, the French people rebelled against their king and the leaders dreamed of building a nation based on "liberty, equality, and fraternity."

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French Revolution (11)

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the three words which became the rallying cry of the leaders of the French Revolution.

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"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" (11)

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the name that Thomas Jefferson and his followers who saw the French Revolution as part of a great crusade for democracy.

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Democratic-Republicans (11)

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the name Alexander Hamilton and his followers called themselves and who were appalled by the bloodshed after the French Revolution.

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Federalists (11)

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an organized political group.

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party (11)

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Alexander Hamilton was born in the West Indies and raised on this Caribbean island.

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Saint-Croix (11)

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the wife of Alexander Hamilton who came from one of New York's richest and most powerful families.

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Elizabeth Schuyler (11)

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a famous American artist who painted portraits of famous Founding Fathers of the United States.

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John Trunbull (11)

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Alexander Hamilton's brilliant career was cut short when he was killed by this man in a duel, when Hamilton accused him of being a traitor.

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Aaron Burr (11)

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one of the founders of the Federalist Party who believed that the country should be ruled by "the best people since those who own the country ought to govern it."

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John Jay (11)

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located in the south on the Potomac River between Maryland and Virginia, it became the nation's new capital.

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District of Columbia (11)

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the river that run between Maryland and Virginia, it is on the banks where the nation's capital was located.

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Potomac River (11)

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the term used in the Constitution to allow Congress "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper" for carrying out its listed powers.

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"elastic clause" (11)

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Alexander Hamilton, as Secretary of the Treasury, was instrumental in establishing this institution which was aimed to help the government with tax collection which helped the nation's economy grow and prosper.

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Bank of the United States (11)

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the wife of John Adams who wrote that Thomas Jefferson's appearance was "not unworthy of a god."

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Abigail Adams (11)

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when the Federalists sided with Great Britain after the French Revolution, a Republican newspaper branded them as this.

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"British bootlickers" (11)

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he was the French representative to the United States who attempted to convince Americans to join the French in their war with Britain but was ordered to leave the country because he insulted President Washington.

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Edmond Genet (11)

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the four controversial laws passed in Congress that was needed to protect the country from troublemakers, but was passed to make life different for the Federalists' rivals, the Republicans.

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Alien and Sedition Acts (11)

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people who have come from other countries and are not yet citizens.

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aliens (11)

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to expel someone from the host country.

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deport (11)

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the crime of encouraging rebellion against the government.

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sedition (11)

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a Federalist who was elected the second President of the United States by the slim margin of 71 votes to 68 votes in the Electoral College.

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John Adams (11)

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to refuse to recognize a federal law.

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nullify (11)

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the amendments put forward in Congress based on the states' rights theory of the Constitution which holds that the states created the Constitution and in doing so, they fave up certain rights.

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Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions (11)

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all rights kept by the states under the Constitution; supporters argued that states were not obliged to honor federal laws that they believed violated the Constitution.

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States' Rights (11)

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the delegate of South Carolina to the Constitutional Convention was selected to run for Vice President under the Federalists against Aaron Burr.

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Charles Pinckney (11)

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one of Alexander Hamilton's close allies who advised him that, "we shall never find ourselves in the straight line of Federalism while Mr. Adams is President."

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Oliver Wolcott (11)

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the delegates chosen to elect the President, it created a crisis when Jefferson and Burr were tied after the votes were cast.

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Electoral College (11)

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according to the Constitution, this legislative branch of government will break the deadlock in case of a tie in the presidential elections.

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House of Representatives (11)

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in 1804, this amendment was added to the Constitution to prevent presidential ties and calls for the Electoral College to cast separate ballots for President and Vice President.

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12th Amendment (11)

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the term used by Thomas Jefferson to describe how power had passed from one group to another with political parties and ballots than with armies and bullets.

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The Revolution of 1800 (11)