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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is a mature male sheep called?
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Ram
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What is a mature female sheep called?
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Ewe
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What is a newborn sheep called?
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Lamb
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What is a young female sheep called?
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Ewe
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What is a young male sheep called?
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Ram
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What is a castrated male sheep called? Castrated male goat?
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They are both wethers
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What is mature male goat called?
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Buck
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What is a mature female goat called?
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Doe
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What is a newborn goat called?
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Kid
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What is a young male goat called?
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Buck
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What is a young female goat called?
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Doe
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What is the normal temp for a sheep?
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100.9-103.8 (102.3)
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What is a normal pulse for a sheep
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70-80 bpm
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What is a normal resp rate for a sheep?
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12-20 rpm
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What is a normal temp for a goat?
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101.7-105.3 (103.8)
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What is a normal pulse for a goat?
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70-80 bpm
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What is a normal resp rate for a goat?
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12-20 rpm
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Which has a strong flock instinct, sheep or goats?
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Sheep - goats are more independent
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Where are the scent glands on a sheep?
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On their feet
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Where are the scent glands on a goat?
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On their head
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Which may have beards and/or waddles, sheep or goats?
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Goats
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Which has a stong musk smell, rams or bucks?
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Bucks
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Which appear to be more intelligent, sheep or goats?
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goats
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It has been said that a sick sheep ______ where as a sick goat_______.
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Sheep dies, goat may be OK
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Three methods of sheep/goat restraint
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"tip-up", back against wall or corner, small chutes
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When is puberty in sheep & goats?
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6-16 months based on how late in the spring the animal is born
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When is the breeding season for sheep & goats?
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Fall
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What type of heat cycle do sheep and goats have?
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Seasonally polyestrus
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What is the length of the estrus cycle in sheep and goats?
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17-21 days
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What is the length of heat in sheep & goats?
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1-3 days
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What are the signs of heat in sheep and goats?
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None - only apparent to the ram/buck
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Bucks, not rams, have a strong _______ during breeding season which helps bring the does in to heat.
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scent
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Describe the "flushing" method of breeding
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Feed extra food to thin ewes prior to breeding season, they then ovulate more eggs
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Describe the "tagging" method of breeding?
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Clip wool from around vulva prior to breeding season
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What is the gestation length in sheep & goats?
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150 days
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What is parturition called in sheep? In goats?
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lambing, kidding
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In what season are lambs and kids born?
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Spring
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How many offspring are desired per pregnancy in sheep & goats?
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2-3 lambs/kids
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What is "crutching"?
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clipping the wool around the vulva before lambing
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What is a "lambing jug"?
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A 4x4 pen where parturition happens and allows bonding between ewe and lamb
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What three things are vital in care of newborn lamb/kid?
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make sure it is breathing, dip umbilicus in iodine, make sure it gets colostrum w/i 15 hours
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What are 4 methods of fostering orphan lambs?
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Slime grafting, skin grafting, wet grafting, fostering pen
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Describe slime grafting?
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Use fresh placenta from foster ewe to cover orphan - fools ewe into accepting lamb as hers
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Describe skin grafting
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If foster ewe has just lost a lamb, use skin of dead lamb to cover orphan lamb
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Describe wet grafting
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orphan lamb and ewe's lamb placed in salt water - now they both smell the same
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Describe a fostering pen
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Place foster ewe in a head gate in pen and put her lamb and orphan lamb both in w/ her. Theory is that she will eventually accept both as hers
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What is the primary cause of dystocia in sheep and goats?
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2 lambs/kids in birth canal at the same time
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When are lambs/kids weaned?
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4-5 months (earlier, really)
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What are the 5 primary components of sheep/goat nutrition?
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roughage, carbs, protein, vitamins & minerals, water
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No other class of animal is as well adapted to ________ as sheep and goats.
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grazing
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From what do sheep and goats get vitamins and minerals in their diet?
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top dressing/salt licks
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How much water does a sheep/goat need daily?
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1 gallon
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In general, white face sheep are for ____ production and dark faced sheep are for ______ production.
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White - wool, dark - meat
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_____% of sheep at slaughter are lambs or yearlings
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95%
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Name the three methods of sheep production
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farm flock method, range method, feedlot
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Describe the sheep production method of farm flock
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primarily a market lamb production - up to 300 sheep
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Describe the range method of production for sheep
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vy large flocks rotated over very large grazing area, flock has own shepherd, is the most common method of sheep production
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Describe the Feedlot method of sheet/goat husbandry
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buy lambs and thin sheep to fatten for slaughter
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3 production types for goats
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dairy, angora, meat
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How much milk does a dairy goat avg in a day?
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3-4 quarts
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How frequently are dairy goats milked?
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2x/day, 12 hours apart
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For how many days does a dairy goat lactate?
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300 days
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Angora goats are native to_______
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Turkey
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When are sheep sheered?
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Once a year in the spring, often prior to lambing
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What is the purpose of foot trimming in sheep & goats? The exterior wall is trimmed level to what?
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prevent lameness, trimmed level to frog
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What is drenching?
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deworming for internal parasites - tank of dewormer on back w/ hose to "gun"
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What is dipping?
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controls ectoparasites - done after sheering after cuts heal
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s/g dz - cause:poxvirus, signs:swollen, crusty sores on mouth, lips and tongue, prev: live vax admin by scarification, ZOONOTIC (dz AND vax), causes Orf in people
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Contagious ecthyma
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s/g dz - cause: Corynebacterium, signs: lymph nodes enlarged and filled w/ cheesy pus, is contagious, prev: vax gives patical protection - vax site may abscess
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Caseous lymphadenitis
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Goat dz - cause: virus, signs: encephalitis in young goats, arthritis in older, prev: none - blood test to detect and then cull infected
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CAE - Caprine arthritis and encephalitis
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s/g dz - cause: Chlamydia, sign: abortion storm, prev: vax
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Vibriosis
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Sheep dz - cause: Campylobacter sp., sign: abortion storms, prev: vax
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EAE - Enzootic abortion of ewes
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sheep dz - Cause: virus, signs: mastitis, chronic pneumonia, prev: no vax, test & cull
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OPP - Ovine progressive pneumonia
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dz - cause: Bacillus anthraces, signs: sudden death, blood from all orifices upon death, prev: vaccine, Zoonotic: YES *DO NOT NECROPSY (spores)*
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Anthrax
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s/g dz - cause: foot and mouth virus, signs: watery blisters on corneal band and mouth, prev: test and cull, is reportable
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Foot and Mouth dz
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dz - Cause: rabies virus, two forms furious and dumb
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rabies
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dz - cause: brucella abortus bacteria, signs: females-late term abortions, males-orchitis, prev: vax, ZOONOTIC
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Brucellosis
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dz - cause: Clostridium chauvei, sign: causes damage to skeletal mucscle, prev: vax
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blackleg
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dz - cause: Clostridium septicum, sign: causes damage to skeletal muscle, prev: vax
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malignant edema
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dz - cause: Clostridium novyi, signs liver damamge, prev: vax
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black dz
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dz - cause: Clostridium perfringens, often happens when changing from milk to feed, signs: bloody diarrhea
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hemorrhagic gastroenteritis
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dz - cause: Clostridium tetani, signs: sawhorse stance, stiffness, seizures, prev: vax
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tetanus
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s/g dz - cause: unknown, may be a prion, extremely long (years) incubation period, related to BSE in cattle, signs: CNS signs, intense itching, ataxia, tremors, microscopic holes eaten in brain, always fatal, prev: cull affected sheep
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Scrapie
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At what age are s/g castrated?
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2 weeks
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5 castration methods
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bite off, burdizzo, elastrator bands, emasculator, knife
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At what age are tails docked?
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2 weeks
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2 tail docking methods
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elastrator, hot "chisel"
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At what age are s/g disbudded?
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best at 3 days of age
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what method is used for disbudding s/g
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hot iron used to burn tissue around horn buds
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method for descenting bucks
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use hot iron to burn two addtl holes .5" caudomedial to horn buds - destroys scent glands at base of horn
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sheep parasite - hairy, blood-sucking, wingless fly, habitat: wool/skin, signs: irritation/anemia
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Sheep Ked
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sheep parasite that is a cysticercoid of a canine tapeworm, habitat: CNS of sheep, signs: giddiness/blindness/ataxia
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Sheep Gidworm
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describe sheep jugular blood draw
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tip up, lay head to side, hold off vein w/ one hand and stick w/ other
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describe goat jugular draw
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straddle back and stretch head up to expose vein
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locations for s/g IM injections
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inside of thigh or tricep area
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locations for SQ injections on s/g
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Adults - high on neck or behind shoulder, young - neck/brisket area
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Area for percutaneous inj on s/g - what used for?
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wooless area under tail or inside ear, used for Contagious ecthyma
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location of intraperitoneal inj on s/g - what used for?
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caudal midline on abdomen - used to rehydrate sick lambs
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