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3 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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European Background—Causes and Origins of the Conflict Between 1840-1914 |
Arms race between Germany and England - global scramble for colonies - want biggest and baddest Navy
Aggressive nationalism
Secret alliances - division, shadiness, won't know who you're fighting against - assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28, 1914 - The Black Hand - AH -> Serbia Russia -> AH Germany -> Russia England/France -> Germany/AH Ottoman Empire joins Germany/AH
Initial European enthusiasm quickly fades |
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American Intro to the Conflict |
US declares neutrality - supplies weapons to both sides ($$$$$) - propaganda to get citizens on a side, yellow journalism
Both sides violate American neutrality on the seas
Germany engages in unrestricted sub warfare in February 1915 - their subs are advanced - Luisitania sinks in spring 1915, 128 Americans killed - Germany thought passenger ship was a cover to carry weapons (they were correct) - Wilson hated subs, thought they were sneaky
1916- Wilson issues ultimatum to German government and Germany agrees to cease
US is thrilled to that Wilson keeps us out of war - his campaign slogan is "He kept us out of war"
Wilson wants to be a neutral broken between the hostile sides
January 22, 1917 - unrestricted sub warfare begins again
April 1917, five US ships sunk and Wilson reluctantly declares war—"making the world safe for democracy"
War mobilization is very difficult for US at this time
October 1918- 1.75 million American soldiers land in France - war ends one month after US lands
US Navy assists British navy in defeating the Germans at sea - causes problems when WWII comes around
Liberty bond - giving government money for war, guaranteed return |
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Wilson's Fourteen Points |
Wilson does not abandon his desire to serve as a broker (basically wanted to be a ref) and comes up with a strategy for peace called the Fourteen Points - important speech
Delivers the speech before the Senate in January of 1918 - abandonment of secret alliances - freedom of the seas - removal of tariff barriers between nations - international trade, not going to fight if deeply woven economically - reductions in national armaments - amount produced by everyone - the right of colonized people to choose their own government - Europe should have self-rule and unfettered economic development (think Serbia- did not have self-rule) - Fourteenth Point: the formation of an association of nations to ensure "mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike" - equal seat @ the table - LON
"Make the world safe for democracy"
The Fourteen Points sound great to Germany that asks Wilson to preside over the terms of peace, and an armistice is signed on November 11, 1918
"Peace without victory" |
