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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Palestine
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- a region at the easter end of Mediteranean sea where the Phoenicians lived
- named by the Romans after the Philistines - who also lived there - was a multicultureal crossroad of ancient world as it was in the middle of everything - - Connected Asia and Africa - west of Assyria and Babylonia, East of Egypt - had 2 imp gateways/seaports: Medit Sea and Read See |
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Cannan
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was the ancient home of the Hebrew/jews
- laid b/n the Jordan Sea and the Medit. sea - very harsh conditions (arid desert, no water) - In the Bible, Canaan was the land promised to the Hebrews |
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Moses
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was the man who led the Hebrews our of slavery
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Torah
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what Jews consider to be one of the most sacred writings in their tradition.
- the first 5 books of the Bible -has the early history of the jews - part of the OT |
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Israel
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The kingdom in witched the Hebrews ruled for 100 years.
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Abraham
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-chosen by God to be the father of the Hebrew people
- God asked him to go to the promised land "Cannan" (he was in Ur, Mesopotamia) |
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Judah
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The southern part of divided Israel
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Monotheism
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to believe in one god.
- the hebrews were monotheists (even though everyone around them was polytheists) |
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Tribute
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peace money paid by a weaker power to a stronger
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Covenant
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This mutual promise between God and the founder of the Hebrew people.
- 1st covenant -Yahwe promised to protect the hebrews b/c Abraham promised to obey him |
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Which leader was the most important?
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Abraham he was the father of the people - first settled the Jews in Cannan
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Where did Abraham originally come from ?
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He came from the city of Ur.
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What were some of the achievements of the Solomon?
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1) beitified the city of Jerusalem and he built the Great temple to glorify God.
- the temple houses the tablets of the 10 commandments 2) built a trading empire with his friend, the king of the Tyre (Phoenicia) |
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What was the Babylonian Captivity?
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This was a time when Babylonians took control of Judah and Jersaleman and tore down the jewish temple.
Many jews went to exile in Babylonia. Later they returned when the Persians took over Babylonia and let them leave. |
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Yahweh
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the Gods of the hebrews
- only 1 God |
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Why did the Hebrews leave from Canaan and go to Egypt?
WHat happened to the hebrews there? |
The Bible says it's b/c of a famine and draught
- they were forced into slavery |
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EXODUS
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when the hebrews/Jews left Egypt , leaving slavery behind
- b/n 1300 and 1200 BC - LED by MOSES (as commanded by God) |
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WHAT DO THE JEWS CELEBRATE IN PASSOVER?
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-THEIR EXODUS FROM EGYPT
-freedom from slavery |
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What was the new covenant that was made b/n the Hebrews and God after they left Egypt? On Mt Sinai?
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-10 commandments - people promised to follow these rules that were given by God to Moses
-God promised to protect the hebrews/Jews |
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where did the Hebrews wondered for 40 yrs after they left Egypt? And then, where did they go?
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- wondered 40 yrs around Mt Sinai
- then returned to Canaan after Moses died. This is where Abraham had lived |
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how did the religion of the Hebrews differ from many religions in the world?
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they were monotheists - only beleived in one god
- whereas other religions were polytyheists - believed in many gods |
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list chronology of hebrews settlements
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1) - Ur - Abraham - chosen as the Father of the Hebrew to go to Canaan
2) Canaan - 1800 BC to 1650 3) Egypt - 1650.to 1300 4) wondering Mt Sinai- 40 yrs 5) back to Canaan - organized in 12 tribes 6)Israel with 3 kings: Saul, David, Solomon 7) divided into 2; Israel and Judah 8)Assyrians attacked and got control of Israel 9) the Assyrians and Babylonians captured Judah and tore down the city and the temple. Many jews left to Babylonia. 10) When Persians conquered Babylonia some were allowed to return and some did not. 11) Persians, Greeks and Romans all took control of the region of Palestine and affected the Jews. |
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Who were prophets?
What did they believe in? "ethical monotheism" |
- religious teachers
- constantly urged all the jews to stay true to God by following his 10 commandments - taught Jews that they had a duty to worship God and to live justly with one another --> "ethical monotheism". |
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what is the name of the religion of the Jewsih people?
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JUDAISM
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What does Hebrew Law require its people to do? JUDAISM?
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1) to study scriptures
2) worship GOD 3) live justly with one another by following the 10 commandments |
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where does the name "Jews" and Judaism come from?
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from the last tribe of the 12 tribes that was left - the tribe of Judah
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Why did the Kingdom of Salomon divide into 2 after his death? how did it divide?
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- they divided into 2 b/c some people were upset about having to pay taxes to fund all Salomon's building projects and they also had to work on the temple. These people revolted and formed ISRAEL.
JUDAH at South. ISRAEL at North |
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what other set of codes are the 10 Commandments often compared to?
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the Hamurabi Code
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Why was Isaiah upset with the Hebrew people?
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He thought the Hebrew people had lost their spirituality. They had become materialistic and had lost all the virtues that they should have in following God.
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what was teh relationship b/n Joseph and Abraham?
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Abraham was Joseph's grandson
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What special ability did Joseph have?
How did he do this? |
-he could interpret dreams
- b/c he had the spirit of God within him. God talked to him |
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what did Joseph's brothers do to him? Why?
what happened to him then? |
-they took his coat off and threw him in a pit. -Then they sold him to some Egyptian traders.
- THey were jealous of him b/c he was the most loved by his father as he was the oldest. -He became a servant at a Guard House |
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What happened at the end of Joseph's story?
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- Bc of his dream interpreting abilities, he became the ruler of Egypt. Saved Egypt from the 7 yrs of famine and was able to store and offer food to everyone including his family.
he reunited with his father (who was very sad when he thought he had died) and all his brothers. |
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Where was Abraham born?
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Ur
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Provide a description for the city of Ur.
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TODAY - dusty and forloned (abandoned).
- Zigurat and tomb/houses remains there. - Alot of the city was washed up in sands as coast retreated 100 miles BACK then - BIG metropolis in Mesopotamia, -very fertile |
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In the article historians conclude that “Written documents are not the only source for reconstructing history.” Mention and explain the pieces of evidence that might prove that there is a sort of discrepancy between the Bible’s time dates and what archeologists and historians have discovered.
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The Bible says that camels were around when Abraham was there, but there is no archeological evidence that camels existed until around 1000 BC. This is why it's believed Abraham lived after the time described in teh Bible - after 1000BC
- Also the city of Ur did not exist until later time - |
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What were Abraham’s religious beliefs before God talked to him?
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Back then teh people in Mesopotamia worshipped many gods, and each person also had a personal God that they really worshipped
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From where to where did Abraham and his family travel? How far was it and how long it might have taken?
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- they went from Ur - headed to Canaan, but settled in Haran
- journey must have taken several months - was 600 miles |
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What piece of evidence did archeologists and historians find to prove that Abraham and his family moved to Haran?
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Terah's name in cuneiform tablets were found there.
Terah was his father's name. |
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Name the site where Abraham and his family moved from Haran. Remember that it was there where God talked to him saying: “To your seed I will give this land.”
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in Shechem - one of the oldest cities in the Middle East.
- west of the Jordan River -tiday called Nablus - very bustling city with 130,000 people |
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Once back in Canaan, what did he build to show gratitude to God?
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he built a temple
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Why did Abraham move to Egypt? How did he leave Egypt?
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b/c there was a famine and draught there.
- they were looking for the fertile land of the Nile |
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Since Abraham didn’t have children his wife Sarah encouraged him to have a child with Hagar, an Egyptian slave who had probably stayed with them since the clan’s expulsion by the pharaoh. Indicate the name of this child and how did he become the head of the new religion.
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ISHMAEL
- his birth forshadowed emergence of Islam -Koran calls him a prophet and a apostle. - muslims believe ABraham as the founder of their faith |
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What did Abraham and Ishmael build in Mecca?
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'the house" which is the "Kaaba" in Mecca, the holiest shrine in Islam religion
- there is an anual pilgrimage to the Mecca where muslims from all over the world come to circle the Kaaba |
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Why did Hagar leave the clan?
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she was pushed out by Sarah who was jealous of her
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What was the name of the son between Abraham and his wife Sarah?
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ISAAC -
Abraham was in his 90s when his son was born |
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what were Joseph's moral characteristics?
- give an example |
-very moral and loyal
- would not allow his master's wife to seduce him despite her many requests for him to sleep with her - she tricked him and sent him to jail |
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Who was Isaaiah?
Why was he so upset with the Jewish people? |
- a prophet
- he was upset b/c he thought the jewish people were becoming too materialistis, taht they cared too much about wealth - he thought the covenant with God had been broken and wanted "spiritual reawakening" |
