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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ancient regime |
the old order; system of government in pre-revolution France |
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estate |
social class (there was 3) |
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bourgeoisie |
the middle class |
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deficit spending |
situation in which the government spends more money than it takes in. |
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estates-general |
legislative body made up of representatives of the three estates in pre-Revolutionary France |
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Tennis Court Oath |
famous oath made on a tennis court by members of the third estate in france |
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bastille |
fortress in paris used as a prison; French Revolution began when Parisians stormed it in 1789 |
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tricolor |
a red, white and blue badge that was eventually adopted as the national flag of france |
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emigre |
person who flees his or her country for political reasons |
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sans-culotte |
working class man or woman who made french revolution more radical |
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republic |
a system of government in which officials are chosen by the people |
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jacobins |
a member of a radical political club during the french revolution |
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suffrage |
the right to vote |
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reign of terror |
time period during the french revolution from september 1793 to july 1794 when people in france were arrested for not supporting the revolution and many were executed |
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Guillotime |
a device used during the Reign of terror to execute thousands by beheading |
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wationalism |
a strong feeling of pride and devotion to ones country |
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who was Louis XVI |
king who was well meaning but weak and indecisive, calls the estates general. didn't want to accept the reforms of the National Assembly. |
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who was Jacques Necker |
a financial expert who was chosen as an advisor by Louis XVI. Urged the king to reduce extravagant court spending, reform the government, and abolish burdensome tariffs on internal trade |
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who was Marie Antoniette |
daughter of Thevesa and sister of Joseph II. Compassionate to the poor, her small acts went largely unnoticed because her lifestyle overshadowed them. |
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who was Robespierre |
a shrewed lawyer and politician, quickly rose to the leadership of the committee of Public Safety. Known as tyrant |
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who was Napoleon Bonaparte |
a popular military hero who had won a series of brilliant victories, overthrew many countries, was eventually exiled. |
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explain the 1st estate and how much did they pay? |
was clergy and they paid .5% of taxes |
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explain the 2nd estate and how much did they pay |
was the nobility and they paid 1.5% of taxes |
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explain the 3rd estate and how much did they pay? |
included bourgeoisie, middle class, sans culottes, working class, and peasants.. they had to pay 98% of taxes
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what is the national debt soars |
France was in too much debt so Louis XVI had half of the tax money help pay back all of the money, therefore food prices went up and people started riots. |
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explain in detail economies reform fails |
didn't have the right men to solve economic crisis. pleasure before serious business
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why did Louis call the estates general |
because they were on the verge of bankruptcy.. riots began to happen and he called them to meet at versailles the following year. |
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explain the delegates take the Tennis Court Oath |
only propertied men could vote. deadlocked over the issue of voting. votes were counted by hear. they swore to never separate. |
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explain the Parisians storm the Bastille |
beginning of the revolution/where it all started. mob broke throughout the defenses of the closed gates. The french have celebrated Bastille day annually as their national independence. |
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what political crisis lead to revolt |
starving peasants roamed the countryside or flocked to towns were they swelled the ranks of the unemployed |
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explain the declaration of the rights of man |
all men were born free and with = rights. protects natural rights "women is born free" |
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explain the national assembly presses onward |
followed the king to paris draft a constitution and to solve the continuing financial crisis. to pay off debt - the assembly voted to take over and sell church lands. -- make king go to paris |
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explain the church is placed under state control |
bishops and priests were elected. government punished clergy who refused to support the civil constitution.
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explain the constitution of 1791 establishes a new government |
completed by producing a constitution. set up a limited monarchy government = more effective ensured equality before the law for all male citizens and ended church interference in government
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explain Edmund Burke |
denounced - contempts the revolution |
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explain the declaration of pilnitz |
2 monarchs threatened to intervene to protect the french monarchy. took the threat seriously and prepared for war. |
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explain radicals flight for power and declare war |
new assembly took over office revolution currency went down in value prises went up
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what was the years of the radical phase |
september 1793 - july 1794 |
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how did the tensions lead to violence |
battle disasters quickly inflamed. a crowd of parisians stormed the royal palace. Citizens attacked prisons and held nobles and priests accused of political offenses. |
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how did radicals take control and execute the king |
suffrage was to be extended to all males called for election of a new legislative body the king was sentenced to death later the queen was also executed |
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explain the Committee of Public Safety |
12 members had almost absolute power prepared frame for all wars european monarchs shuddered as the revolutionaries carried "freedom forever" into conquered |
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Explain how the guillotine defines the Reign of Terror |
it was the engine of the terror. its fast falling blade extinguished life instantly. |
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explain how the revolution entered its third stage |
lined their own pocked but failed to solve problems. cost of bread went up = riots measures were taken against the church politicians planned to use napoleon to advance their goals |
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how did the revolution bring change |
no social order church was under the states control society titles climinated king called citizen capet before his death |
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explain how nationalism spreads |
revolution and war gave french people a strong sense of national identity. |
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plebiscite |
ballot in which voters have a direct say on an issue
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Napoleonic Code |
body of french civil laws introduced in 1804 served as model for many nation's civil codes |
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annex |
add a territory to an existing start or country (the netherlands, belgium, and parts of italy and germany) |
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scorched earth policy |
military tactic in which soldiers destroy everything in their path to hurt the enemy. |
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abdicate |
to give up or step down from power |
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congress of vienna |
assembly of european leaders that met after the napoleonic era to piece europe back together |
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who was Prince Clemons Von Metternich |
used a variety of means to achieve his goals favorited var against france became "prime minister of the coalition" helped create a new european order and made sure that austria had a key role in it. |
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what did Napoleon do to reform france |
strengthening the central government. order, scurity, and efficient replaced liberty, equality, and fraternity as the slogans of the new regime. |
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discuss Napoleon and the catholic church |
recognized religious freedom for catholics. |
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explain how the map of Europe was redrawn |
Napoleon annexed into his empire the Netherlands, Belgium, and parts of Italy and Germany. |
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how does nationalism work against napoleon |
resented the continental system and Napoleons effort to impose french culture on them. unleashed riots against france
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explain how napoleon crushed at waterloo |
allies reassembles their forces british forces under duke of wellington and a prussian army commanded by general blucher crashed the french in an agonizing day long battle |
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explain the leaders meet at the congress of vienna |
diplomats and heads of the state sat down diplomats and royalty dinned and dances, attended concerts and events and enjoyed parties.
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explain the congress strives for peace |
a balance of power and protecting the system of monarchy wanted to restore things peacemakers also redrew the map of europe to contains french ambitions they ringed france with strong countries promoted the principle of legitimacy |
