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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Africa's longest river?
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The Nile
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What ocean lies east of Africa?
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Indian Ocean
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What is the large body of water that separates Africa from Europe?
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Mediterranean Sea (world's largest inland sea)
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What sea, south of the Sinai Peninsula, is linked to the Indian Ocean?
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Red Sea
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What chain of mountains is located in the southern part of modern Turkey?
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Taurus Mountains
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What body of water lies between the Arabian Peninsula and modern Iran?
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Persian Gulf
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What river flows southeast across modern Iraq, near the city of Baghdad?
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Tigris
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What river is located southwest of the Tigris and flows southeast to the Persian Gulf?
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Euphrates
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What mountain range is located east of the Tigris, in the southwestern part of Iran?
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Zagros Mountains
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What desert lies west of the Nile and covers parts of modern Egypt, Libya, and Sudan?
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Libyan desert (part of Sahara)
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What desert lies in modern Egypt between the Nile river and the Red Sea?
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Arabian desert
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What triangular area, bordered by water on the three sides, connects the continents of Africa and Asia?
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Sinai Peninsula
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Who was the Pharoah who built Giza?
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Khufu
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What time period was Giza in (Old, Middle, or New)?
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Old
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What are some Giza facts?
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- 450 feet tall
- Tok 20 years to build - 2,300,000 separate blocks - Would cost $7.5million if made today |
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Name the parts of the Giza pyramid?
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- Entrance
- King's chamber - Grand Gallery - Queen's chamber - Unfinished burial chamber |
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Which Pharoah built the Saqqara pyramid?
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Djoser
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What time period was Saqqara in (Old, Middle, or New)?
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Old
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What are some Saqqara facts?
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- Theocracy government
- Djoser tried his before for everyone to have enough food |
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Which Pharoah built the El-Amarna pyramid?
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Akhenhaten
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Why were many Egyptians upset with Akhenhaten's leadership?
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He changed the gods that the Egyptians worshipped
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Which Pharoah built the Karnak pyramid?
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Senusret I
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What time period was Karnak in?
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Middle Kingdom
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What are some Senusret I facts?
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- Senusret I waged military campaigns against Libya and Nubia
- Made Egypt bigger - Made improvements to shrines and temples - Designed Jubilee temple - Accomplished writing and crafts work - Protected Egypts's precious resources |
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Which Pharoah built the Abu Simbel pyramid?
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Ramesses II
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What are some Ramesses II facts?
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- Believed he was the greatest pharaoh because he lived to be 80 years old
- Built temple at Abusimbel - Made treaty with Hittites |
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In what time period did Ramesses II rule?
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New Kingdom
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What did the inhabitants of the Nile River Valley call their land?
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Kemet (black land)
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How the the name "Egypt" originate:
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The Greeks started to use the name "Egypt"
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What natural resources did the Nile River provide to the early Egyptians?
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- Regulated farm life
- Ducks and geese for food; harvesting papyrus for rope and paper - Fish for food - Reeds - Rich soil |
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How was the Nile River Valley naturally protected from foreign invaders?
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Not navigable because of large waterfalls
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Who united North and South Egypt?
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Narmer united Egypt's North and South
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What was the capital city of Narmer's Egypt?
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Memphis
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Who were the key rulers of the Old Kingdom
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Khufu, Djoser
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What were the dates of the Old Kingdom?
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2700 B.C. to 2200 B.C.
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What were some key events and characteristics of the Old Kingdom?
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- Controlled trade
- Collected taxes - Created the bureaucracy - A group of government officials - Supervised dam building - System of government was a Theocracy |
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who were the key rulers of the Middle Kingdom?
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- Senusret
- Amenemhat; |
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what were the dates of the Middle Kingdom?
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2050 B.C. to 1800 B.C.
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What were some key events and characteristics of the Middle Kingdom?
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- Around 2200 B.C., kings begin to loser power as nobles
- Made new dynasty called Thebes - Three pyramids at Giza - Step pyramid at Memphis |
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What were the dates of the New Kingdom?
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1600 B.C. to 934 B.C.
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Who were the key rulers of the New Kingdom?
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- Ahmose
- Hatshepsut - Thutmose III - Amenhotep IV - Tutankamehn - Ramesses II |
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What were some key events and characteristics of the New Kingdom?
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- People learned to use weapons and chariots
- 1600 B.C. -- prince leads army and drove Hyksos out - New dynasty at Thebes - Irrigation projects - Local uprisings/defeats - Wars of conquests with Nubia and Syria - Identify with rulers |
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What were the occupations of people belonging to the three social levels in ancient Egypt?
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Level 1: royalty, priests, nobles
Level 2: Artisans, scribes, tax collectors Level 3: Farmers, builders |
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What were the key characteristics of the Egyptian family?
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- Very strict
- Included grandparents and other relatives - Everyone had a job in the family |
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What were the key characteristics of Egyptian religion?
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- Based on polytheism (worship of multiple deities)
- Each region of Egypt worshipped slightly different deities - Some gods are: Osiris, Ra, Isis. |
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What did the symbols in Egyptian hieroglyphics represent?
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Objects, sounds, ideas
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Why did the discovery of the rosetta stone in 1799 A.D. provide the first clues to decipering Egyptian hieroglyphics?
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The Rosetta Stone had Greek letters on it, too
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List the key scientific achievements of the ancient Egyptians
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- Heiroglyphics
- Paper - Medical procedures - Religion - Government |