Western Civ. Ch. 1

Front 1

Neolithic Age

Back 1

Also known as "New Stone Age". A long period of revolutionary change lasting from about 10,000 - 3,000 BC in which thousands of years of human interaction with nature led to food production through agriculture and the domestication of animals.

Front 2

Civilization

Back 2

Urban culture with differentiated levels of wealth, occupation, and power.

Front 3

Checklist of Civilization

Back 3

Cities, warfare, writing, social hierarchies, and advanced arts and crafts, & long distance trade.

Front 4

Mesopotamia

Back 4

"The Land between the two rivers". The two rivers are the Tigris and the euphrates

Front 5

Ziggurat

Back 5

The focal point of religious life in the city. Towering over the city, it reminded all the inhabitants of the omnipresent gods who controlled not only their commerce, but their commerce, but their very destiny.

Front 6

Sumer

Back 6

They believed that their city belonged to a god or goddess: The god owned all of the lands, water, and the god's priests who lived with him or her in the temple, administered these resources on the god's behalf.They believed, "Man is shadow of god, but the king is god's reflection".

Front 7

Polytheism

Back 7

Belief in many gods, or many gods controlling peoples destinies. Sumer's religion was this.

Front 8

Cuneiform

Back 8

Historians call the symbols that Sumerians pressed onto clay tablets with sharp objects was this, or wedge-shaped, writing. The earliest known documents written in this language came from Uruk about 3200 BCE. Writing originated because of the demands of record keeping.

Front 9

Hieroglyphs

Back 9

Literally means "sacred carvings" represented both sounds (as in our alphabet) and objects(as in a pictorial system). The job of keeping records of the kings' possessions and supervising food production fell to the scribes, who were trained in this type of writing. Found in Egypt.

Front 10

Law Code of Hammurabi

Back 10

282 civil, commercial, and criminal laws, it is the world's oldest complete surviving compendium of laws. Its buttressed Babylon's social hierarchy by drawing legal distinctions between classes of people.

Front 11

Tigris

Back 11

Unpredictable water source, prone to sudden, powerful, and destructive flooding. It is the higher or eastern river of Mesopotamia.

Front 12

Euphrates

Back 12

Unpredictable water source, prone to sudden, powerful, and destructive flooding. It is the lower or western river of Mesopotamia.