Week Three

Front 1

Polymers are long molecule chains made out of

Back 1

Monomers

Front 2

How many classes of organic molecules are there?

Back 2

Four

Front 3

What three Organic Molecule classes are polymers?

Back 3

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Nucleic acids

Front 4

Polymers are made through________

Back 4

Dehydration reactions

Front 5

Two monomers bonded together through the loss of a monomer is called a

Back 5

Dehydration Reaction

Front 6

Polymers are broken down or disassembled through a

Back 6

Hydrolysis reaction

Front 7

What are enzymes?

Back 7

Macromolecules that speed up dehydration process

Front 8

Carbohydrates serve as ____ and _____

Back 8

Fuel, Building Material

Front 9

Simple Carbohydrates are called

Back 9

Simple Sugars, Monosaccharides

Front 10

What is included in Carbohydrates?

Back 10

Sugars/Polymers of sugars

Front 11

The molecular formulas of simple sugars are multiples of

Back 11

CH2O

Front 12

The most common Monosaccharide is

Back 12

Glucose

Front 13

Monosaccharides are Classified by two things

Back 13

Location of carbonyl group

# of carbons in carbon skeleton

Front 14

Monsaccharides are

Back 14

Major fuel, building blocks

Front 15

Glycosidic linkage forms

Back 15

Disaccharides

Front 16

Two monosaccharides joined in a dehydration reaction is called

Back 16

Glycosidic Linkage

Front 17

What is the role of Polysaccharides?

Back 17

Storage and Structure

Front 18

Plants store surplus sugars in the form of

Back 18

Starch/Polysaccharides

Front 19

Storage Polysaccharides in animals is called

Back 19

Glycogen

Front 20

Hydrolysis of Glycogen creates

Back 20

Glucose

Front 21

Celluose is the major component of the ____ of plants

Back 21

Cell wall

Front 22

Cellulose is a polymer of ____

Back 22

Glucose

Front 23

Lipids mix ____ with water

Back 23

poorly

Front 24

Lipids consist mostly of

Back 24

Hydrocarbons

Front 25

Hydrocarbons are made of _____ bonds

Back 25

Non polar covalent

Front 26

The most biologically important lipids are

Back 26

Fats

Phospholipids

Steroids

Front 27

What are fats constructed from?

Back 27

Glycerol and Fatty Acids

Front 28

An ester linkage creates

Back 28

Triglyceride

Front 29

And ester linkage is

Back 29

Three fatty acids joined to a glycerol

Front 30

Energy storage is the major function of ___

Back 30

Fats

Front 31

Adipose cells are

Back 31

Long term food reserves

Front 32

The maximum # of hydrogen and no double bonds describes

Back 32

Saturated fatty acids

Front 33

Cardiovascular Disease can be attributed to

Back 33

Saturated fat

Front 34

Saturated fat is _____ at room temp.

Back 34

Solid

Front 35

Unsaturated fatty acids have ____ double bond(s).

Back 35

1 or more

Front 36

Plant and fish fat is usually

Back 36

Unsaturated

Front 37

The process of converting unsaturated to saturated fats is called

Back 37

Hydrogenation

Front 38

Hydrogenation veggie oils creates

Back 38

trans fat

Front 39

Two fatty acids and a phosphate group are attached to glycerol creating

Back 39

Phospholipids

Front 40

Phospholipids are arranged in a structure called a ____ To create the cell membrane.

Back 40

bilayer

Front 41

The existence of cells is dependent on

Back 41

Phospholipids

Front 42

Steroids are _____

Back 42

Lipids

Front 43

Cholesterol is an example of a

Back 43

steroid

Front 44

Steroids have a ____ skeleton in the shape of four fused ____

Back 44

Carbon, Rings

Front 45

Proteins account for 50% of ____ in most cells

Back 45

Dry mass

Front 46

What are some functions of Proteins?

Back 46

Antibodies, Digestive enzymes, storage, transportation, and more

Front 47

Proteins are _____ all constructed from the same 20 amino acids

Back 47

POLYPEPTIDES

Front 48

Organic molecules with amino and carboxyl groups are

Back 48

Amino acids

Front 49

R groups are

Back 49

differing side chains in amino acids

Front 50

Amino acids are linked by covalent bonds called _____ to form ____

Back 50

Peptide, Polypeptide

Front 51

Primary structure of in protein is

Back 51

Sequence of amino acids in a protein

Front 52

The coils and folds of secondary structureresult from

Back 52

hydrogen bonds between repeating constituents of the polypeptide backbone

Front 53

Typical secondary structures are a coil called an_____ and a folded structure called a ___________

Back 53

α helix, β pleated sheet

Front 54

R groups relates to

Back 54

Tertiary structure and hydrophobic interactions

Front 55

Disulfide bridges are covalent bonds that reinforce

Back 55

Protein structure

Front 56

Quaternary structure results from

Back 56

2 or more polypeptide chains for one macromolecules

Front 57

Collagen has how many polypeptides?

Back 57

3

Front 58

How many polypeptides exist in hemoglobin?

Back 58

4

Front 59

What is a polypeptide bond?

Back 59

amino acids bonded together to form protein

Front 60

Loss of a proteins native structure is called

Back 60

denaturation

Front 61

A denatured protein is biologically ____

Back 61

inactive

Front 62

Enzymes

Back 62

Speed up chemical reactions

Front 63

Examples of nucleic acids

Back 63

DNA and RNA

Front 64

Nucleic acids are

Back 64

polynucleotides

Monomers: Nucleotides

Front 65

Nucleotide consists of

Back 65

Nitrogenous Base, Pentose sugar, Phosphate groups

Front 66

Pyrimidine

Back 66

Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil

Front 67

Purines

Back 67

Adinine, Guanine