Water Supply And Plumbing Theory

Front 1

What is the correct ratio of water to air in a standard pressure tank?

Back 1

⅓ air to ⅔ water.

Front 2

A standard galvanized pressure tank that has lost its charge is said to be?

Back 2

Waterlogged

Front 3

A standard galvanized pressure tank that contains 33.3% air and 66.6% water will release 20% of its water before the pump must start again. This volume of water is called what?

Back 3

Usable water

Front 4

An installation that requires air to be replenished in the pressure tank requires an air volume control. The two most common types of air volume control are what?

Back 4

The float type and the diaphragm type.

Front 5

The electrical device that turns the on and off is called?

Back 5

A pressure switch

Front 6

What type of Interceptor uses a baffle?

Back 6

Grease interceptor

Front 7

What type of interceptor requires an orifice plate?

Back 7

Grease interceptor

Front 8

What type of interceptor would be required for a dental office?

Back 8

Solid interceptor

Front 9

What principle is used in the separation of oil or gas from wastewater?

Back 9

Flotation

Front 10

What are the three main styles of grease interceptors?

Back 10

Recessed, semi recessed, floor-mounted

Front 11

What is the chemical classification of an enzyme?

Back 11

Catalyst

Front 12

To size a grease trap you would use?

Back 12

The volume of the sinks.

Front 13

For a grease interceptor to serve as a trap for a fixture it must have?

Back 13

An 1½" trap seal

Front 14

The minimum size vent on an oil interceptor?

Back 14

1¼"

Front 15

The proper method of disposing of grease removed from an interceptor is to?

Back 15

Send it to a compost facility.

Front 16

Interceptors should be cleaned?

Back 16

On a regular schedule

Front 17

What is the minimum size of an air break for an indirect connection?

Back 17

At least equal the size of the fixture drain, branch or pipe that terminates above the directly connected fixture and shall not be less than 25mm (1").

Front 18

What term is used to describe how many milligrams of a substance in one liter of water?

Back 18

P.p.m can also be expressed as mg/l

Front 19

What are the five most common characteristics of water?

Back 19

Turbidity, temperature, taste, color and odour. Pure water should be tasteless and odorless.

Front 20

What three categories can water quality be placed in?

Back 20

Physical, biological and chemical

Front 21

Biological consists of

Back 21

Living organisms found in the water.

Front 22

Chemical characteristics consist of?

Back 22

Chemical elements found in the water such as gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide, salts, nitrates, phosphates and naturally occurring chemicals such as iron or manganese. These chemicals can be responsible for staining clothes and plumbing fixtures.

Front 23

What is the acceptable pH range for drinking water?

Back 23

6.5 and 8.5

Front 24

Hardness impurity is defined as calcium and magnesium salts in a solution. Most homes have ??

Back 24

3 gpg to 50 gpg (grains per gallon) 1 grain per gallon equals 17.1 p.p.m

Front 25

The three types of hardness found in water are ?

Back 25

total hardness, temporary hardness and permanent hardness.

Front 26

Hardness of ______ is unpleasant for human consumption and hardness should not exceed ________ for household consumption?

Back 26

12gpg is unpleasant and 3.5 gpg should not be exceeded

Front 27

The hardness chart is?

Back 27

Less than 1 gpg is soft, 1 to 3.5 is slightly hard, 3.5 to 7 is moderately hard, 7 to 10.5 is hard and more than 10.5 is very hard.

Front 28

What three types of iron classification can be found in water?

Back 28

Ferrous (commonly found in well water, is drawn from the tap looking clear but begins to turn rusty after oxygen exposure.)

Ferric (come out of the tap rusty and stays that way)

Bacterial is less common and is a living organism that feeds on iron and shows up as a slimy growth.

Front 29

What is the acceptable iron content for drinking water?

Back 29

No greater than 0.3 p.p.m

Front 30

Above what ppm would you want to find a new well? And above what level would it be every costly to treat?

Back 30

Above 50 p.p.m you would find a new well and above 35 p.p.m would be very costly to treat.

Front 31

How is a pump able to lift water from a well?

Back 31

By creating a partial vacuum in the pumping chamber.

Front 32

How does the diameter of a well affect pumping capacity?

Back 32

By limiting the size of pump you can install.

Front 33

What is the maximum theoretical lift of a centrifugal pump used as a suction pump?

Back 33

Close to 34 feet

Front 34

Why is a jet pump capable of greater suction lift than a centrifugal pump? Jl

Back 34

Jet pumps are better at developing negative pressure than centrifugal pumps.

Front 35

What is the difference between a shallow well and a deep well?

Back 35

Depth to the pumping level of the well.

Front 36

How does altitude of a pump installation affect pump selection and installation methods?

Back 36

Higher elevations do not have as much atmospheric pressure.

Front 37

How does friction loss affect the use of a suction pump?

Back 37

Pump is working at maximum lift capacity.

Front 38

Why are centrifugal pump suction lines installed with positive grade from the well to the pump inlet?

Back 38

For better air elimination when pumping

Front 39

How may drawdown in a well affect an aquifer?

Back 39

Drawdown can allow the aquifier to start releasing sand.

Front 40

Why should pump capacity be matched to well capacity?

Back 40

To prevent aquifier problems from developing.

Front 41

When is a well considered a deep well?

Back 41

When the well is deeper than 24 feet.

Front 42

Why are some jet pumps called convertible jet pumps?

Back 42

The jet assembly can be removed from the pump and placed in a well.

Front 43

What piston pu.p can be offset from the top of the well?

Back 43

Shallow well piston

Front 44

Which pumps may produce enough pressure to damage a pressure system?

Back 44

Reciprocating and submersible pumps

Front 45

What are helical scree pumps usually used for ?

Back 45

Pumping slurries and sludge

Front 46

When a shut off valve is placed on a tank the for a residential installation which side of the tank should it be placed on?

Back 46

Outlet of tank tee

Front 47

What is the pressure output of a submersible pump impeller stage?

Back 47

9 psi per stage

Front 48

Why does a submersible pump require a check valve at its outlet?

Back 48

To stop water from draining out of the drop pipe through the pump.

Front 49

What types of impellees are used on centrifugal pumps?

Back 49

Closed, semi closed and open

Front 50

What device is used on the outlet of two pipe jet pumps to allow the pump to produce the most water possible?

Back 50

A flow fitting or valve

Front 51

What are the three most common materials used to make septic tanks?

Back 51

Concrete, polyethylene and fibreglass

Front 52

The operation of solids within a septic tank occurs by?

Back 52

Floatation and settlement

Front 53

What type of bacteria action occurs within a septic tank?

Back 53

Anaerobic bacteria

Front 54

When a septic chamber is designed for effective separation of sewage, the length should be how many times the width?

Back 54

2 to 3 times

Front 55

Water treatment falls into seven categories, they are?

Back 55

Basic filtration, in exchange, oxidization, neutralization, chlorination, reverse osmosis, distillation and ultraviolet sterilization.

Front 56

What type of filter is used for point of use applications for removal of sediment?

Back 56

Cartridge filters

Front 57

What type of filter is used for point of entry applications for the removal of sediment?

Back 57

Tank type sand filters

Front 58

Resins used within ion exchange units can be designed to provide ______ (positive charged ions) exchange and ________ (negatively charged ion) exchange.

Back 58

Cation (positive charged ions) and anion (negatively charged ions)

Front 59

What material is commonly used in an absorption type filter to attract and hold tastes and odours?

Back 59

Activated carbon

Front 60

Zeolite resins I'm a water softener are designed to attract hardness ions such as _______ and ___________ ions. The resulting exchange process releases relatively harmless _______ ions.

Back 60

Calcium and magnesium ions. Releases sodium ions.

Front 61

An alternative to sodium salt for a brine solution is the use of ???

Back 61

Potassium salt solution

Front 62

Oxidization is a very effective method of removing _____ iron, ______ and ______ _______ from solution.

Back 62

Ferrous iron, manganese and hydrogen sulphide.

Front 63

The oxidizing agent used in manganese Greenland filter is ________ __________ and the chemical symbol for this material is?

Back 63

Potassium permanganate and KMnO⁴

Front 64

What is used in conjunction with a chemical free iron filter to add air to the water supply?

Back 64

A hydrocharger

Front 65

To increase the pH level of the raw water supply with a pH between 6.0 and 6.9 the proper filter to use is _________. This type of filter requires the addition of _________ ___________ to replenish the filter bed.

Back 65

Neutralizing filter, calcium carbonate

Front 66

In extreme cases when water has a pH level between4.0 and 6.9 what is fed using a metering pump?

Back 66

Soda ash

Front 67

Reverse osmosis works by a process known as?

Back 67

Membrane separation

Front 68

Residential reverse osmosis units are designed for ?

Back 68

Point of use applications