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4 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Peadiatric airway differs from the adult- 5 main differences are |
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How does clonidine work? |
Central Alfa 2 partial agonist Ratio. 2:1 200 : 1
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How does the foetal cicrculation differ from the adult? |
2 umbilical arteries returns deoxygenated blood to placenta One umbilical vein supplies oxygenated blood to foetus - 60 % IVC and 40 % lived 2 ductus : Ductus venosus- shunts blood from the umbilical vein to the IVC Ductus arteriosus- shunts blood from pulmonary trunk to ascending aorta Foranen ovale - shunts blood from RA to LA Immature myocardium- does not obey starlings law. SV is fixed , CO is HR dependent normal HR 110-160
These structural differences alter the pathway of blood circulation
oxygenated blood returns via umbilical vein- 40 % liver and 60 % returned to IVC Oxygenated blood in the IVC is directed via foramen ovale Blood returning fr the SVC is directed to the RV and then into the descending aorta by the ductus arteriosus 10 % of RV output flows through the pulmonary circulation
This arrangement has several features Blood with the most 02 is delivered to the arch vessels to supply the brain Blood with the least 02 is delivered to the umbilical arteries for gas exchange Both the RV and the LV inject into systemic circulations and are of similar size and wall thickness |
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How does GTN work? |
26. How does GTN work? Prodrug Rapid hepatic and red blood cell hydrolysis to 1. Glycerol Di nitrate and 2. Nitrate to NO NO activates guanylate Cyclase, increase in intracellukar CGMP which decreases intracellular calcium |
