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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Utilitarianism |
*relativist *theory of utility/usefulness *teleological *action = right if it produces most pleasure for greatest number of people (+ least pain)
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Principle of utility |
*Action right if it promotes and maximises happiness *happiness = supreme value |
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Hedonism (ACT) |
*theory that defines right in terms of pleasure |
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Hedonic calculus - (ACT) |
DERP PIC Whether act fits principle of utility *Duration (long term or short term) *Extent (how many people) *Richness (chance of recuring) *Proximity (present or in the future) *Purity (how little pain?) *Intensity (how strong?) *Certainty (will pleasure result?) |
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Development by Mill |
*not all pleasure = same *higher and lower pleasures |
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Harm principle |
*only have freedom when creating pleasure that doesn't harm others |
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Higher + lower pleasures |
"Better to have a human dissatisfied than a pig satisfied *higher = pleasure of mind/intellect *lower = pleasure of body |
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RULE utilitarianism - Mill |
*not every act needs be assessed *actions = right if you can draw up rule from past experiences that shows it fulfils principle of utility *hybrid of teleological + deontological *morally good = follows rule (e.g. law) |
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Strong rule |
*any rules formed and established by principle of utility = never be broken as they guarantee happiness for society |
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Weak rule |
*in some situations = ok to break rule as it's more likey to fulfil the principle of utility |
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Strengths (ACT) |
*compassionate *acknowledges everyone's different *no religion - suits modern society *allows room for different cultures allows room for different cultures |
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Weaknesses (ACT) |
*some actions are just wrong - don't need to be measured *Hedonic calculus = not practical *can't measure happiness (too subjective) |
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Strengths (RULE) |
*clearer tha act + more simple *allows you to flow already existing laws *more practical *better moral framework the act |
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Weaknesses (RULE) |
*switched back to havimg rules - should focus more on happiness *not as Compassionate |
