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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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characteristics of meconium aspiration syndrome (5)
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respiratory distress
rales rhonchi hyperinflation streaking/patchy opacities on CXR |
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what is Cushing's triad?
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decr HR
HTN irreguular respirations (signs of increased ICP) |
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heroin withdrawal in a neonate
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within 48 hrs of life
tremors hyperirritability |
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what is the DOC for asthmatic pts with allergic disorders?
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mast cell stabilizers
(sodium cromolyn) |
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what is the typical presentation for a child with a midgut volvulus? (4)
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<1 month of age
bilious vomiting abdominal distension bloodstained stools |
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what are typical electrolyte abnormalities of a child with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (salt wasting 21-hydroxylase deficiency)? (3:2)
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hyponatremia
hyperkalemia hypoglycemia metabolic acidosis dehydration |
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what are characteristics of a child with classic phenylketonuria? (5)
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fair skin
blue eyes musty body oder eczema elevated plasma phenylalanine |
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what are the (3) mc causes of pneumonia in pts with cystic fibrosis?
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haemophilus
pseudomonas staphylococcus |
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gram stain of Streptococcus pneumoniae
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G(+) diplococci
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gram stain of Staphylococcus
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G(+) cocci in clusters
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gram stain of Listeria and Bacillus
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G(+) rods
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gram stain of Neisseria
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G(-) cocci
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gram stain of Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, Klebsiella and Legionella
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G(-) rods
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what is Sandifer's syndrome?
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a tilted head and arched back during vomitus to protect the airways and react to the pain of acid reflux
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what are the characteristics of Beckwith-Wieldemann syndrome? (6)
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macrosomia
macroglossia visceromegaly omphalocele hypoglycemia hyperinsulinemia (unknown cause) |
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pt with fever >5 days, mucous membrane changes, extremity changes, at least one cervical lymph node > 1.5cm and polymorphous rash, think
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Kawasaki disease
(coronary aneurysims or ectasia in 15-25%) |
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how do you treat Kawasaki dz?
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aspirin (despite young age)
IVIG |
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pt who develops a polymorphous rash after taking ampicillin/amoxicillin for a URI has _______
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infectious mononucleosis
(EBV) |
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what are characteristics of duodenal atresia? (6)
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bile-stained vomit
vomit in 24-48 hrs of life no abdominal distension dehydration double bubble sign (stomach/duodenum) Down's |
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what is the mcc of nephrotic syndrome in children?
txt? |
minimal change disease
(txt empiric steroid therapy) |
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what should you suspect in a child who chokes, regurgitates and coughs during his first feeding?
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esophageal atresia
(commonly w/ a tracheoesophageal fistula) |
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what can be given for post-exposure prophylaxis for chicken pox?
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varicella zoster immune globulin (VZIG)
or acyclovir (antiviral) within 72 hrs (96 max) of exposure |
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a newborn with evanescent rash w/ red halos, and eosinophils in the skin lesions has _____
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erythema toxicum
(benign, self-limited) |
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(3) mcc of acute otitis media
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Streptococcus pneumoniae (40%)
Haemophilus influenzae (25-30%) Moraxella catarrhalis (10-15%) (txt: 10 days of amoxicillin) |
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when should you screen a child for cholesterol?
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when they have a parent with elevated total (>240), get a total on the child
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if a child with croup goes into respiratory distress, what should you do?
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give racemic epinephrine
(decreases need for intubation) |
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what is the characteristic CXR findings of a child with hyaline membrane disease?
txt? |
fine reticular granularity of the lung parenchyma
txt: - mechanical ventilation - surfactant |
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suspect pyloric stenosis in a _____ (3)
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2-4 week old
first born male projectile vomitting (and hungry) |
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what is the Guthrie test?
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coloration test to detect the presence of metabolic products of phenylalanine in the urine
(in those with phenylketonuria) |
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what is the enzyme missing in phenylketonuria?
(txt?) |
phenylalanine hydroxylase
txt: low-phenylalanine diet |
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what is the congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) triad?
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sensorineural deafness
cardiac malformations cataracts |
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what are common clinical findings in cerebral palsy?
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hypotonia
hyperactive DTRs learning disabilities hx of prolonged labor (mcc is cerebral anoxia) |
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what are the characteristics of a pt with Fragile X syndrome? (5)
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autism
large head prominent jaw large low set ears macroorchidism (increased number of CGG trinucleotide repeats) |
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what does a rectum look like in Hirschsprung disease?
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small and empty of stool
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