Uslme First Aid Micro Notes (Bacteria)

Front 1

Bugs that do not Gram Stain

Back 1

Treponema, Rickettsia, Mycobacteria, Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydia

(These Rascals Might Microscopically Lack Color)

Front 2

1. Bacterias makes IgA protease
2. Transformation of genetics
3. Encapsulated bacteria

Back 2

S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, Neisseria
(SHiN)

Front 3

Endotoxins produced by?

Back 3

Gram -s and Listeria

Front 4

How to differentiate between Coagulase - Staphylococcus?

Back 4

Novobiocin
S. saphrophyticus: resistant
S. epidermidis: sensitive
(on the STAPH retreat, there was NO StRES)

Front 5

How to differentiate between alpha-hemolytic strep?

Back 5

Optochin
Viridans streptococci: resistant
S. pneumoniae: sensitive
(OVRPS- "overpass")

Front 6

How to differentiate between beta-hemolytic strep?

Back 6

Bactracin
Group B: resistant (S. agalactiae)
Group A: sensitive (S. pyogenes)
(B-BRAS)

Front 7

- Virulence Factor is Protein A
- Inflamm Disease: skin infections, organ abscesses, pneumonia
- Toxin Disease: TSS, scalded skin syndrome, rapid-onset food poisoning
- Causes acute bacterial endocarditis, osteomyelitis

Back 7

S. aureus

Front 8

- Most common cause of: Meningitis, Otitis media, Pneumonia, Sinusitis (MOPS)
-"rusty" sputum
-sepsis in SCA and splenectomy

Back 8

S. pneumoniae
(s. pnuemoniae MOPS are Most OPtochin Sensitive)

Front 9

Streptococcus that causes subacute bacterial endocarditis?

Back 9

S. sanguis (sanguis=blood)

Front 10

This bacteria causes:
- pharyngitis, cellulitis, impetigo (pyrogen)
- scarlet fever, TSS (toxin)
-RF, acute glom. nephritis (immuno)

Back 10

S. pyrogenes (has M protein)

Front 11

Clinical presentation of RF?

Back 11

Sq plaques, Polyarthritis, Erythema marginatum, Chorea, Carditis
(No "rheum" for SPECCulation)

Front 12

- In gut
- Can cause bacteremia and subacute endocarditis in colon CA pts.

Back 12

Streptococcus bovis (group D)

Front 13

- Sx: pseudomembranous pharyngitis with lymphadenopathy
- Gram + rods
- ADP ribosylates EF-2 to - protein synthesis

Back 13

Corynebacterium diphtheriae
(ABCDEFG: Adp ribosylation, Beta-phage, Coryn., Diptheriae, Ef-2 Granules)

Front 14

-Gram +, spore-forming rod
-1. causes tetnus
-2. - Ach release--> botulism, floppy baby syndrome b/c spores in honey
-3. Causes gas gangrene and hemolysis
-4. Causes pseudomembranous colitis 2nd to antibiotics (clindamycin and ampicillin)

Back 14

Clostridia
1. C. tetani (TETanus is TETanic paralysis)
2. C. botulinum (BOTulinum is from bad BOTtles of food and honey- causes flaccid paralysis)
3. PERFringens PERForates a gangrenous leg)
4. DIfficle causes DIarrhea

Front 15

-Gram + spore forming rod
1. Skin: painless black ulcer
2. Lung: flu--> pulm hemorrhage, mediastinitis, and shock (Woolsorter's disease)

Back 15

Bacillus anthracis
(edema factor)

Front 16

-Gram + bacteria with endotoxin
-Moves from cell to cell
-Causes: septicemia, neonatal meningitis, mild gastritis, etc

Back 16

Listeria monocytogenes

Front 17

-Two Gram + rods with branching filaments:
1. In oral cavity; abscess can drain to face
2. Causes pulm infections in immuncomp pts
-How to treat

Back 17

-1. Actinomyces israelli
2. Nocardia asteroides
-Sulfa for Nocardia; Actinomyces use Pcn (SNAP)

Front 18

Sx are: fever, night sweats, weight loss, and hemoptysis

Back 18

TB (Mycobacteria tuberculosis)

Front 19

-Acid-fast bacteria
-CP: loss of eyebrows, nasal collapse, lumpy earlobe

Back 19

M. leprae
(Two form lepromatous (lethal) and tuberculoid)

Front 20

Lactose fermenting bacteria?

Back 20

Citrobacter, Klebsiella, E. coli, Enterobacter, Serratia
(Lactose is the KEE, see on maConKee agar)

Front 21

Gram negative cocci?
What so they ferment?

Back 21

Neisseria
N. meningitidis: glucose and maltose
N. gonorrhoeae: glucose
(MeninGococci ferment Maltose and Glucose. Gonococci ferment Glucose)

Front 22

-Causes Epiglottitis, Meningitis, Otitis media, and Pneumonia
-Gram - coccobacillary rod
-Chocolate agar

Back 22

haEMOPhilus influenzae

Front 23

-Legionnaires' disease= pneumonia and fever
-Pontiac fever= mild flu
-Gram - rod
-Silver stain
-Charcoal yeast agar (Fe & cysteine)

Back 23

Legionella pneumophila
"French legionnaire (solider) with sliver helmet, sitting around campfire (charcoal) with his iron dagger-he is no sissy (cysteine)"

Front 24

-Gram - rod
-Non-lactose fermenting, oxidase +
-Assoc w: Pneumonia, Sepsis, External otitis, UTI, Drug use, Diabetic Osteomyelitis

Back 24

PSEUDOmonas aeruginose
(AERuginos=AERobic)

Front 25

-Gram - rods
-Ferment glucose, oxidase -
-Capsular
-O ag

Back 25

Enterobacteriaceae
(COFFEe: Capsular, O ag, Flagellar Ag, Ferment glu, Enterobacteriaceae)

Front 26

-Gram - rod
-Cause: cystitis, pyelonephritis, pneumonia, neonatal meningitis, septic shock

Back 26

E. coli

Front 27

Klebsiella 4 A's?

Back 27

Aspiration pneumonia
Abscess in lungs
Alcoholics
di-A-betics

Front 28

-Gram - rod, non-lactose fermenting bacteria
- Both invade and cause bloody diarrhea

Back 28

Salmonella (motile and disseminate) & Shigella

Front 29

Sxs: Fever, diarrhea, HA, rose spots on abdomen

Back 29

Typhoid fever (Salmonella typhi)

Front 30

Common in day care centers.
Mimics Crohn's or appendicitis

Back 30

Yersinia enterocolitica

Front 31

Spirochetes

Back 31

Borrelia, Leptospira, Treponema
(BLT)

Front 32

-CP: Bell's palsy, Arthritis, Kardiac block, Erythema migrans

Back 32

Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)
-in Ixodes ticks

Front 33

1. Bug of syphilis
2. Causes yawns: infection of skin bones, and joints--> healing with keloids--> sever limb deformities (in tropics)

Back 33

1. Treponema pallidum
2. Treponema pertenue

Front 34

Stages:
1. Painless chancre
2. Maculopapular rash (palms and soles), condylomata
3. Broad-based ataxia, + Romberg, Chacot joints, stroke w/o HTN

Back 34

Syphilis
(Tx: PCN G)

Front 35

Baby w: Saber shins, saddle nose, CN VIII deafness, Hutchinson's teeth, mulberry molars

Back 35

Congenital syphilis

Front 36

VDRL false + with?

Back 36

Viruses
Drugs
Rheumatic Fever
Lupus abd Leprosy

Front 37

Bug of Cat Scratch Fever?

Back 37

Bartonella ssp.

Front 38

-Rod
-CP: gray vaginal discharge with fishy smell; nonpainful

Back 38

Gardnerella vaginalis
(I don't have a CLUE why I smell FISH in the VAGINA garden.)

Front 39

Classical triad: HA, fever, rash (vasculitis)

Back 39

Rickettsiae
(Tx: tetracycline)

Front 40

Rickettsial rashes?
1. R. rickettsii
2. R. typhi

Back 40

1. rickettsii starts on hands and feet
2. typhus starts central and spreads outward
(Rickettsia on the wRist, Typhus on the Trunk)

Front 41

Bug of Q fever?

Back 41

Coxiella burnetii

Front 42

Bugs that present with rash of palm and sole?

Back 42

Coxsaxkievirus A
Rocky mountain spotted fever
Syphilis
(you drive CARS with you palms and soles)

Front 43

- Obligate intracellular bug
- Elementary body (Enfectious and Enters cell)
-Reticulate body (Replicates by fission)

Back 43

Chlamydiae
(tx: erythromycin or tetracycline)

Front 44

Causes: reactive arthritis, conjunctivitis, nongonococcal urethritis, PID

Back 44

Chlamydia trachomatis
(Can't see can't pee can't climb a tree.)

Front 45

Chlamydial causes of atypical pneumonia?

Back 45

C. pneumoniae
C. psittaci

Front 46

-Causes walking pneumonia (slow onset, HA, nonprod. cough, diffuse interstitial infiltrates)
-No cell wall
-Membrane has cholesterol

Back 46

Mycoplasma pneumoniae
(Tx: tetracycline or erthromycin)